OR Omole¹, JO Orji², JE Areh³, JC Okereke⁴, JE Odarah⁵, IO Abali⁶, UJ Ogbonna⁷, IE Okeji⁸, CE Ijioma⁹, AC Amuta¹⁰, O Austin-Jemifor¹¹, JA Onua¹², UE Ojumonu¹³, IC Zacs¹⁴ and AI Airaodion¹⁵

¹Department of Nursing, Coventry University, United Kingdom
²Department of Acute Medicine, University Hospital of Derby and Burton, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
³Department of Emergency Medicine, Warrington and Halton Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
⁴House Officer, Department of Paedriatrics, Federal Medical Centre, Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria

⁵Resident Medical Officer, JBS Gerontology Centre and Medicare Services, Lekki, Lagos State, Nigeria
⁶Department of Surgery, Abia State University, Uturu, Nigeria
⁷Medical Student, Clinical Class 3, Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria
⁸Department of General Medicine, North Cumbria Integrated Care, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
⁹Resident, Department of Family Medicine, Abia State Specialist Hospital and Diagnostic Centre, Umuahia, Nigeria
¹⁰Population Health/Health IT Analyst, Prince George’s County Health Department, 1701 McCormick Drive, USA
¹¹Junior Specialist Doctor, Internal Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, University Hospitals Birmingham, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
¹²Medical Officer, Department of Internal Medicine, Artemis Hospital, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria
¹³Medical Student, Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria
¹⁴Medical Student, Abia State University Teaching Hospital, Aba, Nigeria
¹⁵Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: AI Airaodion, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.

Received: February 12, 2024; Published: March 07, 2024

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) significantly impacts the quality of life (QOL) in affected individuals. This study aims to evaluate the association between nutritional status and health-related QOL in CKD patients. A cohort of 150 CKD patients attending the Nephrology Department of a tertiary health facility in southern Nigeria participated in the study after providing informed consent. An adapted KDQOL-SF-36 questionnaire was administered. Nutritional status was categorized as well-nourished, mildly to moderately malnourished, or severely malnourished. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) with descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-square test. The study population predominantly comprised males (70.00%) with a mean age of 50.9 years. Most were married (80.67%) and had secondary education (48.00%). Nutritional status assessment showed 47.33% well-nourished, 34.67% mildly to moderately malnourished, and 18.00% severely malnourished patients. QOL scores indicated 52.67% with good physical component score, 55.33% with good mental component score, and varying percentages for other components. A significant association was found between nutritional status and overall QOL (p < 0.05). Well-nourished patients demonstrated higher overall QOL (80.28% good) compared to malnourished counterparts (17.31% in mildly to moderately malnourished and 7.41% in severely malnourished). This study highlights a noteworthy association between nutritional status and QOL in CKD patients. Well-nourished individuals exhibited better overall QOL, emphasizing the importance of nutritional interventions in managing CKD and improving patient outcomes. Future research should explore specific dietary interventions and their impact on QOL in this patient population.

Keywords: Anthropometric Indices; Chronic Kidney Disease; Nutritional Status; Quality of Life

References

1. Jha V., et al. “Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives”. Lancet10038 (2016): 2140-2141.
2. Fouque D., et al. “A proposed nomenclature and diagnostic criteria for protein-energy wasting in acute and chronic kidney disease”. Kidney International 3 (2017): 429-430.
3. Koppe L., et al. “Insulin resistance in chronic kidney disease: New lessons from experimental models”. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation2 (2019): 198-203.
4. ZurmiNB., et al. “Comparative evaluation of body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as correlates of glucose intolerance among rural dwellers in Nigeria”. Merit Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences12 (2023): 280-288.
5. Smith JK., et al. “Nutritional Status in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis”. Journal of Nephrology3 (2019): 112-120.
6. Johnson AB., et al. “Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis”. Journal of Nephrology4 (2021): 567-578.
7. Chen W., et al. “Prevalence and risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease in an adult population from southern China”. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 5 (2020): 819-827.
8. Jones CD., et al. “Burden of Kidney Disease and Its Impact on Mental Health: A Prospective Study”. Nephrology4 (2021): 312-321.
9. Wang J., et al. “Education Level and the Risk of All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: A Prospective Study of a Chinese Population”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 4 (2017): 383.
10. Lee HS., et al. “The Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease Defined by Using CKD-EPI Equation and the Associated Factors in the Korean Adult Population: The 2011-2013 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)”. PLoS One 11 (2019): e0223511.
11. Xu X., et al. “Family History and Risk of Kidney Disease”. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 2 (2021): 175-183.
12. Patel R., et al. “Height, Weight, and Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Exploratory Study”. Nephrology Research2 (2021): 87-102.
13. Johnson CD and Brown EF. “Malnutrition and Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review”. Journal of Renal Nutrition 2 (2021): 89-98.
14. Brown L., et al. “Mental Health Challenges in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review”. Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services8 (2019): 25-31.
15. Williams S., et al. “Symptoms and Problems in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Qualitative Analysis”. Nephrology Nursing Journal6 (2017): 467-476.
16. Davis R., et al. “Impact of Kidney Disease on Overall Quality of Life: A Longitudinal Study”. Nephrology 7 (2019). 735-742.
17. Gomez R., et al. “Challenges in Managing Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease: A Literature Review”. Nephrology Nursing Journal 1 (2018): 15-23.
18. Miller T., et al. “Effects of Kidney Disease on Quality of Life: A Longitudinal Analysis”. Nephrology2 (2020): 167-175.
19. Thomas R., et al. “Overall Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-sectional Study”. Nephrology Nursing Journal2 (2016): 127-135.
20. White R., et al. “Comprehensive Care in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Review of Current Practices”. Nephrology11 (2020): 883-891.
21. Harris M., et al. “Nutritional Interventions for Improving Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review”. Journal of Renal Nutrition1 (2018): 43-53.
22. Hossain MZ., et al. “Chronic Kidney Disease Stages and Associated Factors in a Bangladeshi Population: Results from the KDS-New Study”. Kidney and Blood Pressure Research 1 (2007): 17-27.
23. Martinez R., et al. “The Impact of Nutritional Status on Quality of Life in CKD: A Longitudinal Study”. Kidney International4 (2020): 567-580.
24. Wang Q and Lee J. “Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in CKD: A Meta-analysis”. Journal of Renal Nutrition2 (2021): 89-102.

Citation

Citation: AI Airaodion., et al. “Association between Nutritional Status and Quality of Life in Stages 3 to 5 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients".Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 8.3 (2024): 19-26.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 André Ngombe Kaseba., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.