Rocio Elizabeth Castillo Andrade, Tania Andrea Pineda Gómez, Geovana Altamirano Zavala, Maritza Marisol Álvarez Moreno, Laura Isabel Mafla Herrería, Steven Josué Cevallos Rosales, Tahis Romero Catucuamba and Sara Maria Rosales Rivadeneira*

Technical University of Norte Ibarra, Ecuador

*Corresponding Author: Sara María Rosales R, Technical University of Norte Ibarra, Ecuador.

Received: April 17, 2023; Published: May 05, 2023

Abstract

Gender violence during the pandemic has become a very big problem that has repercussions and affects the entire globe, until today it is seen as the most significant cause of death for thousands of women.

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic, in a community care unit. Imbabura Otavalo 2022.

Methodology: Quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional and field study. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was applied, the same one that was made up of 119 women who attended the community care unit, a self-authored questionnaire was applied, the same one that was validated by professionals in the area, this instrument consisted of 20 questions closed and multiple choice, established in 3 sections referred to in sociodemographic data, risk factors on violence against women and level of knowledge of women on issues of violence.

Results: The predominant age range of the studied population was from 20 to 39 years, predominantly the mestizo ethnic group, the residence was concentrated entirely in the rural area, single and without higher education. Among the main risk factors that are associated with violence during the Covid-19 pandemic was the consumption of alcohol by the head of the household.

Represented in a very significant percentage. The level of knowledge about violence in the women investigated was regular.

Conclusion: The main risk factor found during the pandemic was the behavior pattern of the head of the household, evidenced in the high alcohol consumption caused by the weak economic situation that they lived in the home, in addition, the women investigated considered that these attacks should not be denounced for not having the required relevance.

Keywords:Risk Factors; Violence Against Women; Confinement; Knowledge

References

1. Inter-American Commission of Women. COVID-19 in women's lives. OAS Cat Data (2020): 1-24.
2. Vargas H. “Violence against women inflicted by their partners and its relationship with the mental health of adolescent children”. Revista Médica Herediana 28 (2017): 48-58.
3. Matassini Eyzaguirre S., et al. “Gender/family violence in times of quarantine: Inst Eval Tecnol en Salud e Investiga”. (2020): 1-15.
4. Arias EF., et al. “Risk factors for spousal violence against women”. Socialium 1 (2019): 69-96.
5. Espinosa Bejarano María del Pilar. “Silent enemy during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia: Violence against women". Salut Sci Spiritus1 (2020): 181-186.
6. Mary H-CYG. “Femicide manifestation of gender violence against women”. 3.9 (2018): 270-286.
7. Balarezo Mero OD. “Assessment of gender violence against women”. (2020): 622-637.
8. Boira S and Narváez Olmedo G. “Characteristics of domestic violence in Imbabura”. Ecos de la Academia3 (2016): 28.
9. Bedoya Paucar MDP., et al. “Covid-19 and violence against women”. Recimundo4 (2020): 242-249.
10. Reyes Cerda J and Zepeda González M. “Application of a theoretical nursing model in the intervention of women victims of domestic violence”. Nursing Glob Rev Electronic Semest Nursing2 (2008): 6-10.
11. Mateos Casado C. “The pandemic in the shadows. Women victims of gender-based violence confined in the face of a double threat in Covid-19”. Histy Comun Soc 26 (2021): 107-119.
12. Rojas Gonzalez EP. “Gender violence in the face of confinement and police intervention due to covid-19 in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua”. RICSH Rev Iberoam the Social and Humanistic Sciences19 (2021): 36-56.
13. Lorente-Acosta M. “Gender violence in times of pandemic and confinement”. Revista Española de Medicina Legal 3 (2020): 139-145.
14. Castillo E., et al. “Gender violence and self-esteem in women from the Huanja - Huaraz hamlet”. Horizonte Médico (Barcelona)2 (2018): 47-52.
15. Boira S., et al. “Fear, conformity and silence. Violence in relationships in rural areas of Ecuador”. Psychosocial Interview1 (2016): 9-17.
16. Parish GAD., et al. San Pablo del Lago. (2019).
17. Bustos MV., et al. “Original article Violence against women”. Revista de la Facultad de Medicina 45 (2002): 248-251.
18. World Health Organization. Violence against women (2021).
19. Pan American Health Organization - World Health Organization. COVID-19 and violence against women (2020).
20. Calvo González G., et al. “Gender violence: Evolution, impact and keys to its approach”. Enferm Glob1 (2014): 424-439.
21. Águila Y., et al. “The consequences of gender-based violence for the health and training of adolescents”. Rev Medical Electronic5 (2016): 697-710.
22. Sinisterra Castle NA. “Economic and patrimonial violence in Afro-Emerald women: an intersectional approach”. Mundos Plur - Rev Latinoam Policies and Public Action 7.1 (2021): 97-116.
23. Preprints S. “Psychological impact on Mexican university students due to confinement during the Covid-19 pandemic”. Gonzales, Norma; Tejeda, Adrián; Espinosa, Claudia; Ontiveros, Omar 1 (2020): 18.
24. Naconha AE. “Knowledge and attitudes towards violence against women during the covid-19 quarantine in the district of iquitos 2020". 4.1 (2021): 6.
25. National Assembly. Comprehensive Organic Criminal Code, Official Register No. 180, Monday, February 10, 2014. Editor Nac (2014): 144.
26. National Constituent Assembly of Ecuador 2007-2008. Constitution of Ecuador. Regist Of. (2008): 173.
27. Organic Law on Health. Organic Health Law of Ecuador. Prof Legal Research Platform Record O (2015): 13.
28. National Planning Secretariat. Opportunity-Creation Plan-2021-2025-Approved.pdf.
29. Fernández Fernández P. “Nursing Code of Ethics”. Cuad Bioethics20 (1994): 341-346.
30. Sampieri RH. “Research Methodology”. Sixth ed. Mexico: Mc Graw Hill Education (2017): 632.
31. Sampieri RH. “Research methodology” (2019).
32. Vives-Cases C., et al. “Sociodemographic profile of women affected by intimate partner violence in Spain”. Gaceta Sanitaria5 (2009): 410-414.
33. Dulcey J. This work received a grant in the Essay Contest organized within the framework of the project "Promoting labor participation and economic empowerment of women in Latin America" by CEDLAS with the support of IDRC-Canada. 1. (2010).
34. Illescas Zhicay MM., et al. “Sociocultural factors that influence women victims of domestic violence”. Kill Soc 3 (2018): 187-196.
35. González Lozoya I., et al. “Knowledge about gender violence of the population that consults in Attention”. Aten Primary9 (2011): 459-464.

Citation

Citation: Sara María Rosales R., et al. “Confinement, Risk Factors and Violence in Women Treated in a Community Health Unit Otavalo Ecuador 2022".Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 7.6 (2023): 09-18.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Sara María Rosales R., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.