Nutritional Treatments in Arthritis Types
Aleyna ŞAHİN* and Ayşe GÜNEŞ BAYIR
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Türkiye
*Corresponding Author: Aleyna ŞAHİN, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bezmialem Vakif University, İstanbul, Türkiye.
Received:
February 07, 2023; Published: February 24, 2023
Abstract
Arthritis is a health problem that has different forms, primarily rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Osteoarthritis (OA) and GUT arthritis. It is stated as a degenerative joint disease that affects the cartilage and many of the tissues around it. Arthritis is an autoimmune disease characterized by painful joints, joint stiffness and limitation of movement, and intense inflammatory responses. Factors such as cigarette consumption, infectious agents, environmental pollution and chronic stress have been found to trigger intense inflammatory responses in arthritis. Apart from these factors, the role of nutrition has recently been suggested with increasing evidence. In some studies, fruit, vegetable or meat intake has been associated with diet and disease status, but no definitive conclusion has been reached. It has been observed that the prevalence of arthritis is lower in those who eat the Mediterranean diet while other diet types also have a relieving effect on the symptoms of the disease. Vegetarian diet, gluten-free diet, Mediterranean diet, elimination diet or intermittent fasting diet are some of these diets. Genetics is also thought to have an effect on arthritis. Genetic and environmental factors are thought to play an important role in the pathophysiology and occurrence of the disease. The data identify diet as an environmental factor in the development of arthritis, with diet increasing the inflammatory response in genetically predisposed individuals. Recently, it has been suggested that obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for the development of arthritis. The treatment of arthritis is limited. In general, there is a treatment that reduces the symptoms related to the patient's symptoms or if there is a serious dysfunction in the joint, there are treatment options with total joint replacement. Of the basic pathophysiological mechanisms in the formation of arthritis, increased inflammation and impaired immune system regulation play an important role in the development of comorbidities. It is known that many comorbidities accompany arthritis. Some of these comorbidities are cardiovascular diseases, malignancies, infections, and osteoporosis. In addition, comorbidities can significantly increase the risk of mortality. The aim of this review was to reveal nutritional treatments based on arthritis types according to current approaches.
Keywords: Arthritis; Mediterranean Diet; Elimination Diet; Obesity; Inflammatory Response
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