Acta Scientific Nutritional Health (ASNH)(ISSN: 2582-1423)

Research Article Volume 7 Issue 2

Development of a Basic Chemistry Conversational Corpus

Maurice HT Ling1*, Syameer Musttakim1 and Poh Nguk Lau1,2

1School of Applied Sciences, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore
2Learning Academy, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore

*Corresponding Author: Maurice HT Ling, School of Applied Sciences, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore.

Received: December 31, 2022; Published: January 13, 2023

Abstract

Chatbot technology can be an important tool and supplement to education, leading to explorations in this area. Corpus-based chatbot building has a relatively low entry barrier as it only requires a relevant corpus to train a chatbot engine. The corpus is a set of human-readable questions and answers and may be an amalgamation of existing corpora. However, a suitable chemistry-based chatbot corpus catering for a freshman general chemistry course addressing inorganic and physical chemistry has not been developed. In this study, we present a basic chemistry conversational corpus consisting of 998 pairs of questions and answers, focused on a freshman general chemistry course addressing inorganic and physical chemistry. Ten human raters evaluated the responses of a chatbot trained on the corpus and suggests that the corpus resulted in better response than random (t = 17.4, p-value = 1.86E-53). However, only 20 of the 50 test questions show better responses compared to random (difference in mean score ≥ 1.9, paired t-test p-value ≤ 0.0324), suggesting that the corpus provides better responses to certain questions rather than overall better responses, with questions related to definitions and computational procedures answered more accurately. Hence, this provides a baseline for future corpora development.

Keywords: Chemistry; Conversational Corpus; ChatterBot

References

  1. Adamopoulou E and Moussiades L. “An Overview of Chatbot Technology”. AIAI 2020: Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, eds Maglogiannis I, Iliadis L, Pimenidis E (Springer International Publishing, Cham) (2020): 373-383.
  2. Turing AM. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence”. Mind LIX 236 (1950): 433-460.
  3. Luo B., et al. “A Critical Review of State‐of‐the‐Art Chatbot Designs and Applications”. WIREs Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery 12 (2022): e1434.
  4. Landim ARDB. “Chatbot Design Approaches for Fashion E-commerce: An Interdisciplinary Review”. International Journal of Fashion Design, Technology and Education2 (2022): 200-210.
  5. Tjiptomongsoguno ARW. “Medical Chatbot Techniques: A Review”. Software Engineering Perspectives in Intelligent Systems, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing., eds Silhavy R, Silhavy P and Prokopova Z. “(Springer International Publishing, Cham) 1294 (2020): 346-356.
  6. Okonkwo CW and Ade-Ibijola A. “Chatbots Applications in Education: A Systematic Review”. Computers and Education: Artificial Intelligence 2 (2021): 100033.
  7. Yang S and Evans C. “Opportunities and Challenges in Using AI Chatbots in Higher Education”. Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Education and E-Learning (ACM, Barcelona Spain) (2019): 79-83.
  8. Hamam D. “The New Teacher Assistant: A Review of Chatbots’ Use in Higher Education”. HCI International 2021 - Posters, Communications in Computer and Information Science., eds Stephanidis C, Antona M, Ntoa S (Springer International Publishing, Cham) 1421 (2021): 59-63.
  9. Akinwalere SN and Ivanov V. “Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education: Challenges and Opportunities”. Border Crossing1 (2022): 1-15.
  10. Amiri P and Karahanna E. “Chatbot Use Cases in the Covid-19 Public Health Response. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association5 (2022): 1000-1010.
  11. Zhu Y., et al. “It Is Me, Chatbot: Working to Address the COVID-19 Outbreak-Related Mental Health Issues in China. User Experience, Satisfaction, and Influencing Factors”. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction12 (2022): 1182-1194.
  12. Sweidan SZ., et al. “SIAAA‐C: A Student Interactive Assistant Android Application with Chatbot During COVID‐19 Pandemic”. Computer Applications in Engineering Education6 (2021): 1718–1742.
  13. Fonna MR and Widyantoro DH. “Tutorial System in Learning Activities Through Machine Learning-Based Chatbot Applications in Pharmacology Education”. 2021 8th International Conference on Advanced Informatics: Concepts, Theory and Applications (ICAICTA) (IEEE, Bandung, Indonesia) (2019): 1-6.
  14. Kovacek D and Chow JCL. “An AI-Assisted Chatbot for Radiation Safety Education in Radiotherapy”. IOP SciNotes3 (2021): 034002.
  15. Atmosukarto I., et al. “Enhancing Adaptive Online Chemistry Course with AI-Chatbot”. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Engineering, Technology and Education (TALE) (2021): 838-843.
  16. Korsakova E., et al. “Chemist Bot as a Helpful Personal Online Training Tool for the Final Chemistry Examination”. Journal of Chemical Education2 (2022): 1110-1117.
  17. Mahroof A., et al. “An AI based Chatbot to Self-Learn and Self-Assess Performance in Ordinary Level Chemistry. 2020 2nd International Conference on Advancements in Computing (ICAC) (IEEE, Malabe, Sri Lanka) (2020): 216-221.
  18. Shawar BAA. “A Corpus Based Approach to Generalise a Chatbot System”. Doctor of Philosophy (University of Leeds, School of Computing) (2005).
  19. Shawar BA and Atwell ES. “Using Corpora in Machine-Learning Chatbot Systems”. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics4 (2005): 489-516.
  20. Rikters M., et al. “Designing the Business Conversation Corpus”. Proceedings of the 6th Workshop on Asian Translation (Association for Computational Linguistics, Hong Kong, China), 54-61.
  21. Shawar BA and Atwell E. “Using the Corpus of Spoken Afrikaans to Generate an Afrikaans Chatbot”. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies4 (2003): 283-294.
  22. Shawar BA and Atwell E. “Arabic Question-Answering via Instance Based Learning from an FAQ Corpus”. Proceedings of the CL 2009 International Conference on Corpus Linguistics”. UCREL 386 (2016): 1-12.
  23. Sim KS and Ling MH. “Installation and Documentation Evaluation of Recent (01 January 2020 to 15 February 2021) Chatbot Engines from Python Package Index (PyPI)”. Acta Scientific Computer Sciences8 (2011): 38-43.
  24. Shawar BA and Atwell E. “Different measurements metrics to evaluate a chatbot system”. (Association for Computational Linguistics) (2007): 89-96.
  25. Kumar S., et al. “Defining and Measuring Academic Performance of Hei Students - A Critical Review”. Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education6 (2021): 3091-3105.
  26. Alyahyan E and Düştegör D. “Predicting Academic Success in Higher Education: Literature Review and Best Practices”. International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education1 (2020): 3.
  27. Kim J., et al. “Two-Step Training and Mixed Encoding-Decoding for Implementing a Generative Chatbot with a Small Dialogue Corpus. Proceedings of the Workshop on Intelligent Interactive Systems and Language Generation (2IS and NLG) (Association for Computational Linguistics, Tilburg, the Netherlands) (2018): 31-35.
  28. Kowsher Md., et al. “Doly: Bengali Chatbot for Bengali Education”. 2019 1st International Conference on Advances in Science, Engineering and Robotics Technology (ICASERT) (IEEE, Dhaka, Bangladesh) (2019): 19.
  29. Blanc C., et al. “FlauBERT vs. CamemBERT: Understanding Patient’s Answers by a French Medical Chatbot”. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 127 (2022): 102264.
  30. Shawar BAA and Atwell E. “Automatic Extraction of Chatbot Training Data from Natural Dialogue Corpora” (2016): 29-38.
  31. Kapočiūtė-Dzikienė J. “A Domain-Specific Generative Chatbot Trained from Little Data”. Applied Sciences7 (2020): 2221.
  32. Callejas-Rodríguez Á., et al. “From Dialogue Corpora to Dialogue Systems: Generating a Chatbot with Teenager Personality for Preventing Cyber-Pedophilia. Text, Speech, and Dialogue, Lecture Notes in Computer Science., eds Sojka P, Horák A, Kopeček I, Pala K (Springer International Publishing, Cham) 9924 (2016): 531-539.

Citation

Citation: Maurice HT Ling., et al. “Development of a Basic Chemistry Conversational Corpus". Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 7.2 (2023): 48-54.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Maurice HT Ling., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.316

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is April 30th, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US