Acta Scientific Nutritional Health (ASNH)(ISSN: 2582-1423)

Research Article Volume 5 Issue 12

Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in a Nutritional Intervention Program Performed in Overweight and Obese Pediatric Patients

Liliana Urbina-Jaramillo1, Valeria Cereceres-Rodríguez1, Eduardo Santellano-Estrada2, Paola María Núñez-Méndez1, Minerva Váldez-Arzate1 and Blanca G Beltrán1*

1Faculty of Nursing and Nutriology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus UACH II, Periférico de la Juventud, Chihuahua, México
2Faculty of Zootechnics and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Periférico Francisco, Chihuahua, México

*Corresponding Author: Blanca G Beltrán, Faculty of Nursing and Nutriology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus UACH II, Periférico de la Juventud, Chihuahua, México.

Received: November 09, 2021; Published: November 25, 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem in Mexico. A nutritional intervention program (NIP) and the construction of nutritional status index for its prevention, can prevent non-communicable diseases in adulthood; and communicable ones such as COVID-19.

Objective: Apply a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate the effect of a NIP in overweight and obese pediatric patients.

Methodology: 50 children between the ages of 7 and 13 years old participated. A clinical record and a nutritional diagnosis were prepared. A descriptive analysis was made using measures of central tendency, dispersion, and variable association; Pearson's correlations, Student's “t” tests for paired samples, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate (MANOVA) and a Cluster analysis were performed to form groups of children with similar multivariate behavior. A nutritional index (NI) was obtained for the patients using a PCA.

Results: The NIP showed a statistically significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on anthropometric response variables. The weight mean decrease 9.7 ± 0.3 Kg. The intestinal habit and age significantly affected (p ≤ 0.01) the “Change in Weight” and the “Change in BMI” variable. The fast-food intake frequency and sweetened drinks decreased. Using the PCA, two components were selected that explained 94.9% of the total nutritional variation observed in the patients.

Conclusion: At the end of the NIP, the multivariate behavior of pediatric patients changed positively and the dispersion of children in the variables involved decreased.

Keywords: Childhood Obesity; Principal-component-analysis; Eating-habits; Nutrition-intervention; COVID-19

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Citation

Citation: Blanca G Beltrán., et al. “Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in a Nutritional Intervention Program Performed in Overweight and Obese Pediatric Patients". Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 5.12 (2021): 96-105.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Blanca G Beltrán1., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




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