Liliana Urbina-Jaramillo¹, Valeria Cereceres-Rodríguez¹, Eduardo Santellano-Estrada², Paola María Núñez-Méndez¹, Minerva Váldez-Arzate¹ and Blanca G Beltrán¹*

¹Faculty of Nursing and Nutriology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus UACH II, Periférico de la Juventud, Chihuahua, México
²Faculty of Zootechnics and Ecology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Periférico Francisco, Chihuahua, México

*Corresponding Author: Blanca G Beltrán, Faculty of Nursing and Nutriology, Autonomous University of Chihuahua, Campus UACH II, Periférico de la Juventud, Chihuahua, México.

Received: November 09, 2021; Published: November 25, 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Childhood obesity is a serious public health problem in Mexico. A nutritional intervention program (NIP) and the construction of nutritional status index for its prevention, can prevent non-communicable diseases in adulthood; and communicable ones such as COVID-19.

Objective: Apply a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to evaluate the effect of a NIP in overweight and obese pediatric patients.

Methodology: 50 children between the ages of 7 and 13 years old participated. A clinical record and a nutritional diagnosis were prepared. A descriptive analysis was made using measures of central tendency, dispersion, and variable association; Pearson's correlations, Student's “t” tests for paired samples, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate (MANOVA) and a Cluster analysis were performed to form groups of children with similar multivariate behavior. A nutritional index (NI) was obtained for the patients using a PCA.

Results: The NIP showed a statistically significant effect (p ≤ 0.05) on anthropometric response variables. The weight mean decrease 9.7 ± 0.3 Kg. The intestinal habit and age significantly affected (p ≤ 0.01) the “Change in Weight” and the “Change in BMI” variable. The fast-food intake frequency and sweetened drinks decreased. Using the PCA, two components were selected that explained 94.9% of the total nutritional variation observed in the patients.

Conclusion: At the end of the NIP, the multivariate behavior of pediatric patients changed positively and the dispersion of children in the variables involved decreased.

Keywords: Childhood Obesity; Principal-component-analysis; Eating-habits; Nutrition-intervention; COVID-19

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Citation

Citation: Blanca G Beltrán., et al. “Application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) in a Nutritional Intervention Program Performed in Overweight and Obese Pediatric Patients". Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 5.12 (2021): 96-105.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Blanca G Beltrán1., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.