Abstract

  The Bapatla technique of soft-wood grafting on 35-45 days old root stock retained with one pair of leaves was observed with greater percentage of success during December and January for the regions of coastal Andhra Pradesh. This technique gave good graft-take with a high percentage of scion sprouting with good growth of grafts having maximum plant height, number of leaves and maximum leaf area per graft during all the months except during March when compared to normally adopted methods of vegetative propagation for multiplication of cashew in India. The vigourous rootstocks of commercial giant and dwarf cultivars as well as hybrids developed at cashew research station of Bapatla in Andhra Pradesh may be useful for identification and development of dwarfing rootstocks in cashew for high productivity, suitability to high density planting and adoptability to diverse agroclimatic conditions of India. The presented germplasm of high yielding cultivars, dwarf cultivars and hybrids are a valuable resource i) to study the reproductive biology of cashew ii) develop cultivars with high percentage of hermaphrodite flowers iii) to produce scions with prolific yields iv) to improve national income from export earnings of cashew nuts and v) to sustain the quality standards and international market. Physiological studies on the potential rootstocks of cashew is the present research need.

Keywords: Weather; Growth; Leaves; Rootstock; Scion; Dwarf

References

1. Kumar N. “Enhancement of cashew production in the country-current status and future thrust on Research and technology”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 231-235.
2. Ganesh S., et al. “Cashew industry -an outlook”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 89-95.
3. Muthu Kumar S., et al. “Cashew industry in India”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 97-101.
4. Kapinga FA., et al. “Growth and Production of cashewnut”. Soils Plant growth and production (2019).
5. Crisostomo LA., et al. “Cashew-Dwarf Varitey”. (2004): 50-69.
6. Earasappa E and Mohana GS. “Role of pollination in improving productivity of cashew -A review”. Agricultural reviews 37.1 (2016): 61-65.
7. Hore JK., et al. “Evaluation of cashew germplasms in west Bengal”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 135-141.
8. Venkata Ramana KT., et al. “Performance of germplasm lines of cashew in Andhra Pradesh”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015a): 217-220. 
9. Prasanna Kumar B., et al. “Effect of time and level of pruning on flowering, fruit yield of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.)”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 245-262.
10. Manjusha AVM and Naik BJ. “PLD 57 - A promising dwarf cashew”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015): 175-179.
11. Venkata Ramana KT., et al. “Performance of hybrids in cashew in Andhra Pradesh”. Acta Horticulturae 1080 (2015b): 221-228.
12. Nagabhushanam S. “Vegetative propagation in cashew- Review of work done at Vittal”. Acta Horticulturae 108 (1985): 59-65. 
13. Seshadri KV and Rama Rao R. “Modified method of Epicotyl grafting in cashew for commercial propagation”. Indian Journal of Cashew 17.4 (1987): 11-13.
14. Swamy KRM and Mohan E. “Propagation studies in cashew”. Annual Report, NRCC, Puttur (1990): 36-37.
15. Panse VG and PV Sukhatme. Textbook: “Statistical procedures for Agricultural workers”. ICAR, New Delhi (1978): 152-157.
16. Kadam SG., et al. “Studies on in-situ soft-wood grafting in cashew”. The Cashew 9.2 (1995): 8-11.
17. Ratan J., et al. “Studies on stone grafting in Mango”. South Indian Horticulture 35.3 (1987): 192-194.
18. Kulkarni UA and Kulwal LV. “Further studies on insitu grafting and growth behaviour of some varieties of mango under Akola conditions”. Thesis Abstract, Silver Jubilee 1969-94 PKV, Akola (1989).
19. Radhakrishna Y., et al. “Propagation of cashew by softwood grafting under Bapatla conditions”. The Cashew 6.2 (19992): 3-5.
20. Reddy CV and KR Melanta. “Studies on in-situ softwood grafting in Mango”. Mysore Journal of Agricultural Sciences 23.2 (1989):212-215.
21. Hartman HJ and DE Kester. In. Plant Propagation. Principles and Practices. Third Edition. Published by Printice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi -110001 (1978).
22. Srivatsava RP. Propagation of mango by newer techniques”. Acta Horticulture 231 (1989): 266-267.
23. Jose M., et al. “Standardisation of vegetative propagation technique in Jack (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam)”. Punjab Horticulture Journal 31 (1991): 145-147.
24. Patil JD., et al. “Studies on wedge grafting in mango”. Punjab Horticulture Journal 23 (1983): 29-33.
25. Dhakal BR and MN Hoda. “Vigour of mango veneer grafts in relation to the defoliation period and storage of scion shoots”. South Indian Horticulture 34.5 (1986): 184-186.
26. Amin RS. “Soft-wood grafting, a new technique for hard - wood plants”. Current Science 47 (1978): 468-469.
27. Anonymous. Annual Report 1995-96. National Research Centre for Cashew (NRCC), Puttur, Karnataka (1996).
28. Seshadri KV and Rama Rao R. “Effect of age of root stock and pretreating scion on the success of soft-wood grafting in cashew”. South Indian Horticulture 34.4 (1986): 255-257.
29. Swamy KRM., et al. “Commercial propagation of cashew”. Proceedings of Golden Jubilee Symposium on Horticultural Research (1993).
30. Singh MP., et al. “Standardization of propagation techniques in Mango”. Proceedings of Second International Symposium on Mango, Bangalore, May 20-24 (1985).
31. Swamy KRM., et al. “Evaluation of Success in softwood grafting in cashew with weather parameters”. South Indian Horticulture 38.6 (1990): 297-300.
32. Atkinson C and Else AM. Understanding how rootstocks dwarf fruit trees. HRI-East malling West Malling Kent, United Kingdom. Rober F Carlson Distinguished Lecture presented at the 44th Annual IDFTA conference conducted during February 17- 21, 2001 at GrandRapids, Michigan. The compact fruit tree 34 (2001): 46-49.

Citation

Citation: Satya SS Narina., et al. “Effect of Climate on Graft-Take, Potential Rootstocks and a Comparative Study on Grafting Techniques in Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.,)". Acta Scientific Nutritional Health 4.2 (2020): 71-79.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Satya SS Narina., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.