Emmanuella Nwariri, Sunday Otu Ita*, Nsikak Ephraim Udokang, Eme Raphael Abia and Comfort Nse Umoh

Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Sunday Otu Ita, Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria

Received: April 01, 2025; Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract

The study investigated the ameliorative effect of caffeine intervention on crude oil-induced reproductive hormonal and immunological distortions in diabetic male Wistar rats. Forty adult male rats (180-200 g body weight) were randomly divided into eight groups of 5 animals each. The normal control group received 3 mL/Kg body weight of distilled water, Caffeine group 20 mL/kg body weight of caffeine, NBLCO group received 3 mL/Kg body weight of crude oil, Caffeine plus crude oil group received 20 and 3 mL/Kg body weight of caffeine and NBLCO concomitantly, Diabetic control group received 3 mL/Kg body weight of distilled water, Diabetic caffeine group received 20 mL/Kg body weight of caffeine, Diabetic crude oil group received 3 mL/Kg body weight of NBLCO and Diabetic caffeine plus crude oil group received 20 and 3 mL/Kg body weight of caffeine and NBLCO respectively; by oral gavaging for 28 days. The results for the normal rats showed that while independent caffeine administration did not alter sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) significantly, it however significantly (p < 0.05) reduced FSH and testosterone, and significant (p < 0.05) elevated LH, estrogen and inhibin levels; The administration of NBLCO and in combined form with caffeine significantly (p < 0.05) elevated FSH, LH and inhibin levels, with significantly (p < 0.05) reduction in testosterone, estrogen and SHBG levels. In the diabetic rats, administration of caffeine did not alter inhibin level significantly, but significantly (p < 0.05) elevated FSH, LH, testosterone, estrogen and SHBG levels compared to the diabetic control group. Both NBLCO and in combined form significantly (p < 0.05) elevated FSH, LH, testosterone, estrogen, inhibin, and SHBG levels compared with the diabetic control. While NBLCO and in combined form with caffeine did not alter FSH, LH, and testosterone significantly, significant (p < 0.05) alterations of estrogen, inhibin and SHBG were observed compared with the diabetic caffeine group. In the normal rats, caffeine administration did not alter antisperm antiobody (ASA) significantly but significantly (p < 0.05) increased IgA and IgG with significant (p < 0.05) reduction in IgM. The independent administration of NBLCO and in combined form with caffeine significantly (p < 0.05) elevated ASA, and the aforementioned antibodies compared with the normal control and caffeine groups. The results for the diabetic rats showed that significantly (p < 0.05) increased ASA, IgA, IgG, and IgM compared with the diabetic control group. The independent administration of NBLCO and in combined form with caffeine significantly (p < 0.05) elevated ASA and all the antibodies evaluated in this study compared with the diabetic control and diabetic caffeine groups. It can be concluded that NBLCO have shown the tendency to induced immunological infertility in male by induction of reproductive hormonal imbalance and escalated antibodies production, which was ameliorated with caffeine intervention.

Keywords: Caffeine; Nigerian Bonnylight Crude Oil; Reproductive Hormones; Antisperm Antibody; Antibodies

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Citation

Citation: Sunday Otu Itan., et al. “Caffeine Ameliorates Crude Oil-induced Reproductive Hormonal and Immunological Distortions in Diabetic Male Wistar Rats". Acta Scientific Women's Health 7.5 (2025): 03-14.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Sunday Otu Itan., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.