Determinants of Self Non-disclosure to Sexual Partner Among Adult HIV-positive People Attending ART Center in Public Health Facilities of Dessie Town, Ethiopia, 2022: Case-control Study
Bezawit Adane1*, Bereket Kefale2, Yitayish Damtie6, Elsabeth Addisu2, Mastewal Arefaynie2, Yitbarek Wasihun3, Tezera Asfaw4, Kefale Mitiku5 and Melaku Yalew6
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
2Department of Reproductive and Family Health, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
3Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
4School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia
5Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
6Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
*Corresponding Author: Bezawit Adane, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
Received:
January 05, 2023; Published: March 13, 2023
Abstract
Background: Despite of different strategies being implemented to prevent and control HIV transmission and disclosure of HIV status is important to reduce HIV-related risk sexual behavior; still it is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Articles published in this area are disclosure to family or friends, those studies were cross-sectional, and still, there is limited evidence on determinants of self-non-disclosure to a sexual partner in low-income countries like Ethiopia.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify determinants of self-non-disclosure to sexual partners among adult HIV-positive people in public health facilities of Dessie town, Northeast Ethiopia, 2022.
Method: Facility-based unmatched case-control study design was conducted among adult HIV-infected people attending ART centers in public health facilities of Dessie town from March 1 to April 30, 2020. A total of 470 adult HIV-infected people were sampled and simple random sampling was employed for selecting study participants based on their average number of clients in a month. A pretested structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data were entered into Epi-data 3.1 version and were exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with HIV results in self-non-disclosure. Odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance.
Result: Determinants of self non-disclosure of HIV status to their sexual partner were; Negative serostatus of the partner, AOR = 0.02 (95% CI : 0.00, 0.16), WHO clinical stage one, AOR = 10.97 (95%CI: 4.33, 27.81) and WHO clinical stage two, AOR = 20.14 (95% CI: 4.78, 84.83), having social support from their family or friends, AOR = 0.16 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.39), attend HIV counseling program, AOR = 0.07 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.18) and minimal depression, AOR = 8.69 (95%CI :3.62, 20.89).
Conclusions: Factors that have a significant association with non-disclosure of HIV status to their sexual partner were serostatus of sexual partner, WHO clinical stage, social support, attending HIV counseling, and depression. Continuous emphasis should be given to health care providers to encourage their counseling services for their customers with special attention given to patients whose partners were HIV negative.
Keywords: Self Non-disclosure; Adult; HIV-Positive; Dessie; Ethiopia; Case-control Study
References
- Hallberg D., et al. “Factors affecting HIV disclosure among partners in Morongo, Tanzania”. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 10 (2019): 49-54.
- Hasanpoor S., et al. “Individual and Social Predictors of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Individuals in Ahvaz, Khuzestan”. (2020).
- Alemineh TL., et al. “Determinants of Non-Disclosure to Sexual Partner among Human immune virus Infected Adults on Anti-Retroviral Therapy Follow-Up Care at North Shewa Zone public Hospitals in Oromia Region, Ethiopia, 2020”. (2021).
- Deribe K., et al. “Disclosure experience and associated factors among HIV positive men and women clinical service users in southwest Ethiopia”. BMC Public health 1 (2008): 1-10.
- Ambissa M., et al. “HIV-positive status disclosure to a sexual partner and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending antenatal care in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study”. PloS One 4 (2021): e0250637.
- Dessalegn NG., et al. “HIV Disclosure: HIV-positive status disclosure to sexual partners among individuals receiving HIV care in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia”. PloS One 2 (2019): e0211967.
- Endalamaw A., et al. “Disclosure of HIV seropositivity to sexual partner in Ethiopia: A systematic review”. Women's Health 17 (2021): 17455065211063021.
- Alema HB., et al. “HIV positive status disclosure and associated factors among HIV positive adults in Axum health facilities, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia”. Science Journal of Public Health 1 (2015): 61.
- Hasanpour S., et al. “Individual and Social Predictors of HIV Status Disclosure in HIV-Positive Individuals in Ahvaz, Khuzestan, Southwest of Iran”. International Journal of High Risk Behaviors and Addiction 2 (2020).
- Adeniyi OV., et al. “Demographic, clinical and behavioural determinants of HIV serostatus non-disclosure to sex partners among HIV-infected pregnant women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa”. PloS One 8 (2017): e0181730.
- Kadowa I and Nuwaha F. “Factors influencing disclosure of HIV positive status in Mityana district of Uganda”. African Health Sciences 1 (2009): 26-33.
- Seid M., et al. “Disclosure of HIV positive result to a sexual partner among adult clinical service users in Kemissie district, northeast Ethiopia”. African Journal of Reproductive Health 1 (2012).
- Ramlagan S., et al. “Determinants of disclosure and non-disclosure of HIV-positive status, by pregnant women in rural South Africa”. SAHARA-J: Journal of Social Aspects of HIV/AIDS 1 (2018).
- Amoran O. “Predictors of disclosure of sero-status to sexual partners among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ogun State, Nigeria”. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice 4 (2012): 385-390.
- Tshisuyi ET. “Disclosure of HIV positive status to sexual partners among pregnant women in a health district Botswana”. Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University; (2014).
- Esteve A., et al. “The end of hypergamy: Global trends and implications”. Population and Development Review 4 (2016): 615.
- Nöstlinger C., et al. “Factors influencing social self-disclosure among adolescents living with HIV in Eastern Africa”. AIDS Care 27 (2015): 36-46.
- Osinde MO., et al. “Factors associated with disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partners of patients receiving HIV care in Kabale, Uganda”. International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1 (2012): 61-64.
- Gultie T., et al. “Disclosure of HIV-positive status to sexual partner and associated factors among ART users in Mekelle Hospital”. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, NZ) 7 (20115): 209.
- Mburu G., et al. “Adolescent HIV disclosure in Zambia: barriers, facilitators and outcomes”. Journal of the International AIDS Society 1 (2014): 18866.
- Appiah SCY., et al. “A phenomenological account of HIV disclosure experiences of children and adolescents from northern and southern Ghana”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 4 (2019): 595.
- Mlambo M and Peltzer K. “HIV sero-status disclosure and sexual behaviour among HIV positive patients who are on antiretroviral treatment (ART) in Mpumalanga, South Africa”. Journal of Human Ecology 1 (2011): 29-41.
- Shushtari ZJ., et al. “Disclosure of HIV status and social support among people living with HIV”. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 8 (2014).
- Loukid M., et al. “Factors associated with HIV status disclosure to one’s steady sexual partner in PLHIV in Morocco”. Journal of Community Health 1 (2014): 50-59.
- Bhatia DS., et al. “The role of relationship dynamics and gender inequalities as barriers to HIV-serostatus disclosure: qualitative study among women and men living with HIV in Durban, South Africa”. Frontiers in Public Health 5 (2017): 188.
- Deribe B., et al. “Outcomes and factors affecting HIV status disclosure to regular sexual partner among women attending antiretroviral treatment clinic”. Journal of AIDS and Clinical Research 760 (2018): 2.
- Rodkjaer L., et al. “HIV-infected individuals with high coping self-efficacy are less likely to report depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study from Denmark”. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 22 (2014): 67-72.
- Simbayi LC., et al. “Disclosure of HIV status to sex partners and sexual risk behaviours among HIV-positive men and women, Cape Town, South Africa”. Sexually Transmitted Infections 1 (2007): 29-34.
- Yin Y., et al. “Status and associated characteristics of HIV disclosure among people living with HIV/AIDS in Liangshan, China: A cross-sectional study”. Medicine 31 (2019).
- Thapa S., et al. “Theorizing the complexity of HIV disclosure in vulnerable populations: a grounded theory study”. BMC Public Health 1 (2018): 1-13.
- Jalloh MF., et al. “Assessments of Ebola knowledge, attitudes and practices in forécariah, Guinea and Kambia, Sierra Leone, July–August 2015”. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 1721 (2017): 20160304.
- Lee BX., et al. “Transforming our world: implementing the 2030 agenda through sustainable development goal indicators”. Journal of Public Health Policy 1 (2016): 13-31.
- WHO CO: World health organization. Responding to Community Spread of COVID-19 Reference WHO/COVID-19/Community_Transmission/20201 2020 (2020).
- Beshir M and Tesfaye A. “Factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral treatment among patients living with HIV/AIDS, in Bale zone, south eastern Ethiopia”. Journal of AIDS and HIV Research 3 (2017): 67-73.
- Fido NN., et al. “HIV stigma and associated factors among antiretroviral treatment clients in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia”. HIV/AIDS (Auckland, NZ) 8 (2016): 183.
- Melis Berhe T., et al. “HIV-Positive Status Disclosure and Associated Factors among HIV-Positive Adult Patients Attending Art Clinics at Public Health Facilities of Butajira Town, Southern Ethiopia”. AIDS Research and Treatment 2020 (2020).
- Dzinamarira T., et al. “HIV Status Disclosure to Sexual Partner (s) and Associated Factors Among Young Adults, A Mixed Methods Study”. International Journal of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Education and Behavioural Science 1 (2019): 47.
Citation
Copyright