Jácome Sánchez Elisa Carolina*

Currently Works at the Facultad de Medicina, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Ecuador

*Corresponding Author: Jácome Sánchez Elisa Carolina, Currently Works at the Facultad de Medicina, Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador, Ecuador.

Received: November 21, 2022; Published: January 23, 2023

Introduction

Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a public health problem worldwide, with mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) being the most important due to not only maternal but also fetal involvement, representing the majority of infections in the childhood. This transmission can occur during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, childbirth or breastfeeding up to 50% if no intervention is performed, breastfeeding being the one with the highest risk of transmission with 12 to 26%, however, when implementing antiretroviral therapy (ART) this risk is reduced to less than 1% as has been evidenced in the last quarter of a century [1].

References

1. Cerveny L., et al. “HIV in pregnancy: Mother-to-child transmission, pharmacotherapy, and toxicity”. BBA - Molecular Basis of Disease (2021): 1867.
2. UNAIDS, fact sheet (2022).
3. Moore D and Allen U. “HIV in pregnancy: Identification of intrapartum and perinatal HIV exposures”. Pediatrics and Child Health (2019): 42-45.
4. Clinical Guidelines program. “HIV Testing During Pregnancy, at Delivery, and Postpartum”. Medical Care Criteria Committee (2022).
5. Njom A. “Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV Through Breastfeeding Improving Awareness and Education: A Short Narrative Review”. International Journal of Women's Health 14 (2022): 697-703.

Citation

Citation: Jácome Sánchez Elisa Carolina. “HIV Mother-to-child Transmission". Acta Scientific Women's Health 5.2 (2023): 41-42.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Jácome Sánchez Elisa Carolina. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.