Fufa Hunduma Banja¹*and Belayneh Leulseged²

¹Assistant Professor at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Ethiopia
²Instructor at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Ethiopia

*Corresponding Author: Fufa Hunduma Banja, Assistant Professor at Saint Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College (SPHMMC), Ethiopia.

Received: April 04, 2022; Published: June 15, 2022

Abstract

Background: Measles is a highly contagious viral disease that is mainly transmitted by respiratory droplets and primarily invades the epithelial lining of the respiratory tract. It is a vaccine-preventable disease that was once inevitable before the introduction of a vaccine that infected almost everyone before the age of 15 years. This study aimed to describe and investigate risk factors associated with the measles outbreak and to implement early Measles control intervention in Bercano Woreda, Somali region.

Methodology: Mixed methods: we conducted a regular meeting with regional, zonal, and Woreda health officers to identify priority areas and data from cases and controls collected by structured questioners.

Result: We identified that there was a gap of communication among health facilities, and associated factors like Malnutrition which was significantly associated with measles outbreak with AOR 33.326 (95% CI 3.351-331.450), distance from health facility increased chance of infection by ten times, AOR 10.237 (95% CI 2.945-35.590). No vaccination increased chance of infection by 27 times than those who vaccinated; AOR 27.232 (95% CI 3.245-228.531). Finally, those whose family size in a single room greater than five has four times greater chance of acquiring measles with AOR 3.984 (95% CI 1.101-14.418).

Conclusion: Government bodies and stakeholders should act accordingly to improve the lifestyle of residents regarding malnutrition, health coverage, improve awareness of the community to EPI, and better housing and living condition. Finally, health information system monitoring and evaluation should be strengthened.

Keywords: Measles; Pastoral Community; Malnutrition; Vaccination

References

1. World Health Organization. “Planning and Implementing High-Quality Supplementary Immunization Activities for Injectable Vaccines Using an Example of Measles and Rubella Vaccines Field Guide” (2016).
2. Robert M Kliegman., et al. “Nelson textbook of pediatrics”. 18^th The McGraw-Hill Companies (2008).
3. , et al. “Harrisons' Principles of Internal Medicine”. 18^th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies. Chapter 192 (2012).
4. Gayatri Amirthalingam., et al. “Public Health Emergency National Measles Guidelines” (2017).
5. Kansas department of health and environment; Definition C. Measles (Rubeola) Investigation Guideline Contents (2018).
6. Samuel L Katz., et al. “Rudolph’s Pediatrics”. 21^st chapter 13.
7. Fitzgerald TL., et al. “Measles with a possible 23 day incubation period”. Communicable Diseases Intelligence 3 (2012): E277-280.
8. Siyene Yirgalem. “Field Epidemiology Training; Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemioloniversity”. Addis Ababa University (2018).
9. Zheng X., et al. “Correction : Investigation of a Measles Outbreak in China to Identify Gaps in Vaccination Coverage, Routes of Transmission, and Interventions Notice of Republication”. (2016): 168222.
10. World Health Organization. “Outbreak Communications: Best practice for Communicating with the public during an outbreak”. (2004): 21-23.
11. Yahaya M., et al. “Descriptive analysis of measles cases seen in a tertiary health facility in Sokoto, Northwest Nigeria - implication of disease eradication”. 6.2 (2017): 1-7.
12. Dossetor J., et al. “Persistent measles infection in malnourished children”. British Medical Journal 1 (1977): 1633-1635.
13. Ahmad S., et al. “Risk factors associated with complicated measles in children”. Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 8 (2014): 469-471.
14. Henry M. “Measles, and Malnutrition. Pediatrics in Review”. 19.2 (2019).
15. Samsi TK., et al. “Risk factors for severe measles”. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 3 (1992): 497-503.
16. Belda K., et al. “Supplement article Measles outbreak investigation in Guji zone of Oromia”. 27 (2017): 1-5.
17. Ismail AS., et al. “Risk Factors for Measles Outbreak : An Unmatched Case-Control Study in Risk Factors for Measles Outbreak: An Unmatched Case-Control Study in Kabridahar District, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia” (2018): 1-5.
18. Gignoux E., et al. “Risk factors for measles mortality and the importance of decentralized case management during an unusually large measles epidemic in the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo”. (2018): 1-12.
19. Nsubuga F., et al. “Factors contributing to measles transmission during an outbreak in Kamwenge District, Western Uganda”. April to August 2015. (2018): 1-7.
20. Sullivan Kevin M., et al. “OpenEpi: a web-based epidemiologic and statistical calculator for public health”. Public Health Reports (Washington, D.C.: 1974)3 (2009): 471-474.
21. Ahmad S., et al. “Risk Factors Associated With Complicated Measles In Children”. 470 PJMHS 8.2 (2014).
22. Kombolcha DM. “Addis Ababa University School of Public Health, Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP) Compiled Body of Works in Field Epidemiology”. AAU, (2015).
23. Awake S. “Addis Ababa University School of Public Health, Ethiopian Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program (EFELTP), Compiled Body of Work”. AAU, (2016).

Citation

Citation: Fufa Hunduma Banja and Belayneh Leulseged. “Measles Outbreak Investigation in Pastoral Community, Berano District, Southeastern Ethiopia: Mixed-Methods". Acta Scientific Women's Health 4.7 (2022): 30-39.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Fufa Hunduma Banja and Belayneh Leulseged. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.