Sankalpa S Bhingardive and Priyanka Salve*

Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Maharashta University of Health Sciences, India

*Corresponding Author: Priyanka Salve, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Maharashta University of Health Sciences, India.

Received: December 20, 2021; Published: February 25, 2022

Abstract

Pregnancy is generally thought to be a time of happiness and emotional well-being for many women, pregnancy and motherhood increase their vulnerability to psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and psychoses [1]. Postpartum Psychiatric conditions are often under diagnosed because they are attributed to pregnancy related changes in maternal temperament or physiology. In addition, such conditions are often under-treated because of concerns about potential harmful effects of medication [2]. There are very few studies regarding of the prevalence of postpartum depression and its putative risk factors in Developing countries [4].

In the first three months after delivery, the incidence of Mental illness is high (about 15-20% of all pregnancies.) Sleep Deprivation, hormone elevation and massive Postpartum withdrawal contribute. Past history, family history, present pregnancy factors and other factors like unmet expectations are some of Postpartum Mental Illness. The three Major Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders are: Puperal Blues, Postpartum Depression and Postpartum Psychosis [5].

It is assumed that relatives of Primigravida mothers may not be having adequate knowledge regarding Postpartum Psychiatric disorders.

Methodology: This is a Descriptive study with Quantitative Research approach.

Results: From the total 200 Relatives of Primigravida, 25.5% were having Poor, 57% were having average, and 17.5% were having Good Level of Knowledge. No participant had Very Good Level of Knowledge regarding Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders. The Scoring for assessment of level of knowledge was prepared by the Researcher. The study is Statistically significant for the selected Demographic Variables which are: Gender, Education and Monthly Income at the p-value of <0.05.

Conclusion: The Relatives of Primigravida had Average to Poor Knowledge regarding Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders. The mean Knowledge Score of overall 200 samples (Relatives of Primigravida) is 7.78 which comes in range of average to Poor. There is need to provide basic Information and Education regarding Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders and create Awareness for Early Detection, Treatment and Prevention of Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders.

Keywords: Assessment; Knowledge; Postpartum; Psychiatric Disorders; Relatives; Primigravida

References

1. Diana Carter. “Psychiatric Disorders in Pregnancy”. BC Medical Journal2 (2005): 96-99.
2. Grote NK., et al. “Meta-analysis of depression during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and intrauterine growth restriction”. Archives of General Psychiatry10 (2010): 1012-1024.
3. Oriana Vesga-Lo´pez., et al. “Psychiatric Disorders in Pregnant and Postpartum Women in the United States”. Archives of General Psychiatry7 (2008): 805-815.
4. Ghubash R and Abou-Saleh MT. “Postpartum psychiatric illness in Arab culture: Prevalence and psychosocial correlates”. The British Journal of Psychiatry 171 (1997): 65-68.
5. Dutta D. “Textbook of Obstetrics”. 8th edition. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd (2015): 96-99.
6. Rai S., et al. “Postpartum psychiatric disorders: Early diagnosis and management”. Indian Journal of Psychiatry 6 (2015): 216-221.
7. Nott P., et al. “Hormonal changes and mood in the puerperium”. The British Journal of Psychiatry 4 (1976): 379-383.
8. Paykel E., et al. “Life events and social support in puerperal depression”. The British Journal of Psychiatry 4 (1980): 339-346.
9. Causey S., et al. “Can Postpartum Depression be Prevented?”.
10. Archives of Women Mental Health1 (2001): 24.
11. Saxena S., et al. “Resources for mental health:scarcity, inequity, and inefficiency”. The Lancet9590 (2007): 878-889.
12. Postpartum depression in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
13. Couto TC., et al. “Postpartum depression: A systematic review of the genetics involved”. World Journal of Psychiatry1 (2015): 103-111.
14. https://www.who.int/bulletin/volumes/95/10/17-192237/en/
15. Pinsonneault JK., et al. “Association study of the estrogen receptor gene ESR1 with postpartum depression--a pilot study”. Archives of Womens Mental Health6 (2013): 499-509.
16. Mehta D., et al. “Early predictive biomarkers for postpartum depression point to a role for estrogen receptor signaling”. Psychological Medicine 44 (2014): 2309-2322.
21. Patient discussion about relative.
23. Radhamaniamma Jayasree. “An application of Roy‟s Adaptation model”. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences27 (2013): 482-492.
24. LoBiondo-Wood G and Haber. “Journal of Nursing research: methods and critical appraisal for evidence- based practice”. St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier (2014): 8.
25. Banti S., et al. “From the third month of pregnancy to 1 year postpartum. Prevalence, incidence, recurrence, and new onset of depression. Results from the Perinatal Depression–Research and Screening Unit study”. Comprehensive Psychiatry 4 (2011).
26. Gavin NI., et al. “Europe PMC: Perinatal depression: a systematic review of prevalence and incidence 106.5 (2005).
27. Beck CT., et al. “Maternal Predictors for Quality of Life during the Postpartum in Brazilian Mothers”. Health3 (2015).
28. Rahim FMA and Sabiae Al A. Acta Psychiatrica Seandinavica: Puerperal psychosis in a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia: clinical profile and cross-cultural comparison 84.16 (1991).
29. Mohammad R Maracy and Gholam R Kheirabadi. “Development and validation of a postpartum depression risk score in delivered women, Iran”. Journal of Research in Medical Sciences11 (2012).
30. Schwab-Reese LM., et al. “Associations of social support and stress with postpartum maternal mental health symptoms: Main effects, moderation, and mediation”. Women and Health6 (2017).
31. Fonseca A and Canavarro MC. “Women's intentions of informal and formal help-seeking for mental health problems during the perinatal period: The role of perceived encouragement from the partner”. Midwifery (2017): 50.
32. Abiodun OA. “Postnatal depression in primary care populations in Nigeria”. General Hospital Psychiatry 2 (2006).
33. Thorsteinsson EB., et al. “Mental Health Literacy of Depression and Postnatal Depression: A Community Sample”. Open Journal of Depression03 (2014).
34. Sharma Suresh. “Nursing Research and Statistics”. Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd (2018): 3.
35. Polit Denise F., et al. “Essentials of Nursing Research: Methods, Appraisal, and Utilization”. Philadelphia: Lippincott (2014): 10.
36. Kaseke T., et al. “A structural equation modelling of the buffering effect of social support on the report of common mental disorders in Zimbabwean women in the postnatal period”. BMC Research Notes 12 (2019): 110.
37. Klainin P and Arthur DG. “Postpartum depression in Asian cultures: a literature review”. International Journal of Nursing Studies10 (2009): 1355-1373.
38. Kim Y and Dee V. “Sociodemographic and Obstetric Factors Related to Symptoms of Postpartum Depression in Hispanic Women in Rural California”. Journal of Obstetrics, Gynaecologic and Neonatal Nursing1 (2018): 23-31.
39. Chen L., et al. “Incidence of and social-demographic and obstetric factors associated with postpartum depression: differences among ethnic Han and Kazak women of North western China”. Peer Journal 6 (2018): e4335.

Citation

Citation: Sankalpa S Bhingardive and Priyanka Salve. “Assessment of Knowledge Regarding Postpartum Psychiatric Disorders Among the Relatives of Primigravida in Selected Hospitals of the City". Acta Scientific Women's Health 4.3 (2022): 24-29.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Sankalpa S Bhingardive and Priyanka Salve. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.