Brzheskiy Vladimir Vsevolodovich1*, Popov Vladimir Yurievich1, Kalinina IrinaVyacheslavovna2 and Kalinina Natalia Mihajlovna3
1Saint Petersburg State Medical Pediatric University, Litovskay Str., 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
2Mariinsky hospital, Liteiny avenue, 56, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
3The Nikiforov Russian Centre of Emergency and Radiation Medicine, Acad. Lebedev Str., 4/2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
*Corresponding Author: Brzheskiy Vladimir Vsevolodovich, Saint Petersburg State Medical Pediatric University, Litovskay Str., 2, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Received: March 12, 2025; Published: March 24, 2025
Introduction: Anti-inflammatory therapy of patients with dry eye disease is based today mainly on glucocorticoids' instillations. In spite of the fact that dexamethasone in official dosage (0.1%) has a marked local anti-inflammatory effect, its broad use is limited by the presence of a destructive process in the cornea. Taking this into account, the authors developed a drug containing 0.01% dexamethasone phosphate in combination with 6% polyvinylpyrolidone and 1.5-5.5% dextrose solution.
Objective: Study the impact of the developed medication on the inflammatory process dynamics in the tissues of the ocular surface in patients with dry eye disease of various ethiology.
Materials and Methods: The material of this study was based on the results of examination and treatment of 25 volunteers (50 eyes) with corneal-conjunctival xerosis developed on the background of 7 cases of meibomian blepharitis (14 eyes), 8 cases of perimenopause (16 eyes), and 10 cases of Sjögren's syndrome (20 eyes).
All patients used the developed medication in the form of eyedrops 3-4 times daily on the background of tear replacement therapy. Prior to therapy and on day 28 of the study the following parameters were assessed, inferior tear meniscus index, precorneal tear film production, stability and osmolarity, staining of ocular surface epithelium with fluorescein sodium solution, аs well as bengal rose and lissamine green. Cytokines' levels were determined in the tear fluid and blood plasma with the help of ELISA test: interleukins-1β, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 17А, interleukin receptor antagonist 1, tumour necrosis factor α, interferons α and γ. Besides, all the subjects were asked to fill in a questionnaire to evaluate subjective signs of the ocular surface epithelium xerosis or Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI).
Results: By day 28 of the study statistically significant increase of the tear meniscus index, precorneal tear film stability, main and total tear production and decrease of tear film osmolarity were observed. Besides, the staining degree of the ocular surface epithelium with bengal rose and lissamine green (van Bijstervеld score) and with fluorescein sodium (Oxford score) decreased. Also, the positive dynamics of the objective parameters of the ocular surface epithelium was confirmed by the subjects' subjective evaluation of their quality of life.
Conclusion: The results of the study performed prove the high clinical efficiency of the developed medication that has a marked local anti-inflammatory effect in the therapy of dry eye disease of various ethiology.
Keywords: Anti-inflammatory Therapy; Dry Eye Syndrome; Cytokines' Levels in the Tear Fluid
Citation: Brzheskiy Vladimir Vsevolodovich., et al. “Efficiency of 0.01% Dexamethasone Solution in Comprehensive Therapy of Dry Eye Disease".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 8.4 (2025): 13-22.
Copyright: © 2025 Brzheskiy Vladimir Vsevolodovich., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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