Manish Kumar Sah¹*, Brinda KC², Usha Rai² and Mohammad Atiullah²

¹Assistant Professor, Optometry, SSAHS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P., India
²B.Optom Student, Optometry, SSAHS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P., India

*Corresponding Author: Manish Kumar Sah, Assistant Professor, Optometry, SSAHS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, U.P., India.

Received: July 11, 2024; Published: July 31, 2024

Abstract

Retinoblastoma is a rare but serious pediatric eye cancer characterized by tumors that originate in the retina due to genetic mutations, predominantly affecting children under five years old. Early detection through routine eye exams and advanced imaging techniques such as ultrasound and MRI is critical for timely diagnosis and treatment. Genetic testing plays a pivotal role in identifying mutations in the RB1 gene, guiding both prognosis and therapeutic decisions. Treatment strategies vary based on tumor size, location, and genetic factors, encompassing chemotherapy, localized therapies (laser/cryotherapy), radiation, and occasionally enucleation. Recent advancements include targeted therapies and intra-arterial chemotherapy, aimed at improving efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity. Multidisciplinary care involving pediatric oncologists, ophthalmologists, geneticists, and supportive care providers ensures comprehensive management addressing medical, psychological, and social needs. Despite therapeutic advancements, challenges such as preserving vision and managing long-term sequelae remain, emphasizing the need for ongoing research and collaborative efforts. Keywords: retinoblastoma, pediatric cancer, RB1 gene, early detection, treatment strategies, multidisciplinary care, genetic testing, advanced imaging.

Keywords: Retinoblastoma; Pediatric Cancer; Psychosocial Support; Multidisciplinary Care

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Citation

Citation: Manish Kumar Sah., et al. “Understanding Retinoblastoma: A Comprehensive Overview". Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 7.8 (2024): 41-49.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Manish Kumar Sah., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.