Ankush Bhagat¹* and Rupali²

¹Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
²Department of Family and Health, Amritsar, Punjab, India

*Corresponding Author: Ankush Bhagat, Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Received: April 01, 2024; Published: April 14, 2024

Abstract

Purpose: A prospective observational study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of dry eye disease among patients visiting the outpatient department of ophthalmology in a tertiary care center.

Methods: Five hundred randomly selected patients (n = 500) visiting the Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Amritsar were examined and classified as diagnosed cases of dry eye disease (DED) fulfilling a minimum of three criteria including Schirmer test 1 <15 mm, tear film break up time (TBUT) <10seconds, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire score >13, meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) on slit lamp examination, Rose Bengal staining (RSBT) and fluorescein staining status, while those with none, one, or two positive tests were considered as controls without DED.

Results: The prevalence of DED was 51.40% in the present study. Older age, meibomian gland dysfunction (81.5%), visual display terminal use (63.5%), use of topical anti- glaucoma drugs (80%), certain occupational groups, history of refractive surgery (78.1%), contact lens use (87.5%), smoking (84.2%), connective tissue disorder (100%) and diabetes mellitus (68.4%) were identified as significant risk factors (p < 0.05) associated with dry eye disease.

Conclusion: This study suggests that the prevalence of DED and several other risk factors are significantly associated with the development of DED, shedding light on the multi factorial nature of this condition. These results emphasize the importance of educating patients regarding the various risk factors associated with DED and lifestyle modifications.

Keywords: Prevalence; Risk Factors; Dry Eye Disease; Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

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Citation

Citation: Ankush Bhagat and Rupali. “Dry Eye Disease Prevalence and Risk Factors in Eye Outdoor Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Center: A Prospective Observational Study".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 7.5 (2024): 42-47.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Ankush Bhagat and Rupali. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.