Asaad A Ghanem¹*, Mostafa Amr², Ahmed A Ghanem³, Lamiaa F Arafa⁴, Ahmed M Ghanem⁵ and Mahmoud S Madi⁶

¹Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
²Mansoura University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
³Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
⁴Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
⁵Kasr Al-Ainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
⁶Faculty of Medicine, 6^th October University, Cairo, Egypt

*Corresponding Author: Asaad A Ghanem, Professor, Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.

Received: December 05, 2022; Published: January 18, 2023

Abstract

Purpose: To assess whether high hemoglobin A1c levels influence intraocular pressure in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: A prospective case series study was performed on 75 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 25 healthy control subjects. Ophthalmic examinations included best corrected visual acuity, slit lamp biomicroscopy, and intraocular pressure measurement. A corresponding hemoglobin A1c were measured using capillary glucose testing. Exclusion criteria included a glaucoma or treatment with IOP lowering medications and oral or topical steroids. Multivariable logistic regression models were used after controlling for the same sets of confounders. A value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: There was non-statistically significant difference as regards age, systolic and diastolic systemic hypertension, BCVA, central corneal thickness, while, there was a statistically significant differences as regard body mass index, smoking states, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, HBA1c, and intraocular pressure (<0.001) between diabetic and non-diabetic groups. There was statistically significant difference between 25 diabetic patients had an IOP < 14.5 mmHg and mean HbA1c of 8.3 ± 1.2, in comparison with 50 diabetic patients had an IOP ≥ 14.5 mmHg and a mean HbA1c of 9.0 ± 3.4.

Conclusions: Diabetic patients with elevated HbA1c levels revealed statistically significantly higher IOPs compared to those with lower HbA1c levels. Thus, early HbA1c monitoring may be useful in assessing potential risk for developing increased IOP in patients with diabetes.

Keyword: IOP; Glucose Levels; Diabetic Mellitus.

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Citation

Citation: Asaad A Ghanem., et al. “Association between Glucose Levels and Intraocular Pressure in Diabetic Patients".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 6.2 (2023): 25-33.

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Copyright: © 2022 Asaad A Ghanem., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.