Onua AA and Ordinioha B*

School of Public Health, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: B Ordinioha, School of Public Health, University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

Received: January 21, 2022; Published: February 10, 2022

Abstract

Background/Objective: This was a prospective study of patients diagnosed with adult-onset Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) at the Glaucoma Clinic at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to determine the ocular phenotypic features of patients with adult-onset glaucoma.

Materials and Methods: Clinical assessment of patients combined with findings from clinical records and interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire were used to obtain data from the respondents between January and December 2021. Results: One thousand two hundred (n = 1200) adult POAG patients aged ≥ 40 years were recruited. The mean age of the subjects was 56.5 ± SD 22.3 years. Male-female ratio was 2.9:1. The mean central corneal thickness (CCT) was 532 ± SD 8.6 µm and average intraocular pressure (IOP) was 31.3 ± SD 11.2 mmHg. Nine hundred and three subjects (n = 903;75.3%) had high intraocular pressure (≥ 22 mmHg). Over 25% had poor ocular perfusion pressure (≤ 40mmHg). Six hundred and forty-seven (n = 647; 53.9%) had positive family history of glaucoma (first degree relatives) while 234 (19.5%) had positive family history of glaucoma (second degree relatives). Eight hundred and twenty (n = 820; 68.3%) subjects had cupping of the optic disc (VCDR ≥ 0.7). All the study participants had II to IV degree of open drainage angle on gonioscopy.

Conclusion: Thin CCT, high IOP, large VCDR poor OPP, and open drainage angle are noticeable ocular phenotypic features of adult-onset primary open angle glaucoma. Early detection through community-based case detection using these parameters could help in reducing the scourge from POAG.

Keywords: Adult-Onset Primary Open Angle Glaucoma; Phenotypic Features; Southern Nigeria

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Citation

Citation: Onua AA and Ordinioha B. “Ocular Phenotypic Features of Adult-Onset Primary Open Angle Glaucoma in A Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 5.3 (2022): 23-29.

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Copyright: © 2022 Onua AA and Ordinioha B. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.