Bisphosphonates and Ocular Inflammation
Ali Nouraeinejad1,2*
1Ph.D. in Clinical Ophthalmology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
*Corresponding Author: Ali Nouraeinejad, Ph.D. in Clinical Ophthalmology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Received:
November 24, 2021; Published: January 01, 2022
Abstract
Osteoporosis, as a musculoskeletal disease, is assigned by low bone mass and degradation of bone microarchitecture, culminating in an escalation in bone weakness and propensity to fracture [1,2]. When the cumulative effect of bone resorption is in excess of bone formation, osteoporosis is induced [1]. Osteoporotic fractures are linked to substantial morbidity, mortality, and high healthcare expenses [1].
References
- Lewiecki EM. “Bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporosis: insights for clinicians”. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 3 (2010): 115-128.
- Garriga C., et al. “Oral bisphosphonate use and age-related macular degeneration: retrospective cohort and nested case-control study”. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1 (2018): 34-46.
- Cawthon PM. “Gender differences in osteoporosis and fractures”. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research 2011 469(7):1900-1905.
- Alswat KA. “Gender Disparities in Osteoporosis”. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 5 (2017): 382-387.
- Kennel KA and Drake MT. “Adverse effects of bisphosphonates: implications for osteoporosis management”. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 7 (2009): 632-638.
- Nouraeinejad A. “Handbook of ocular drugs, and ocular side effects of systemic drugs”. Tehran: Tabib Publication (2000).
- Nouraeinejad A. “Differential Diagnosis in Optometry and Ophthalmology”. Second Edition. Iran: Noruzi Publication (2017).
- Etminan M., et al. “Inflammatory ocular adverse events with the use of oral bisphosphonates: a retrospective cohort study”. Canadian Medical Association Journal 184 (2012): E431-E434.
- Rahimy E and Law SK. “Orbital inflammation after zoledronate infusion: an emerging complication”. Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology 48 (2013): e11-e12.
- Pazianas M., et al. “Inflammatory eye reactions in patients treated with bisphosphonates and other osteoporosis medications: cohort analysis using a national prescription database”. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research 28 (2013): 455-463.
- Pirbhai A., et al. “Bisphosphonate-induced orbital inflammation: a case series and review”. Orbit 34 (2015): 331-335.
- Clark EM and Durup D. “Inflammatory eye reactions with bisphosphonates and other osteoporosis medications: what are the risks?”. Therapeutic Advances in Musculoskeletal Disease 1 (2015): 11-16.
- Martin Guillén S., et al. “Uveitis Due to Bisphosphonates: A Rare Side Effect?”. Reumatología Clínica 12 (2016): 119.
- Mammo Z., et al. “Oral Bisphosphonates and Risk of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration”. American Journal of Ophthalmology 168 (2016): 62-67.
- Godkhindi Vishwapriya M and Basade Maheboob M. “Zoledronic Acid Induced Orbital Cellulitis-Case Report and Literature Review”. IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (IOSR-JDMS)4 (2016): 75-79.
- Umunakwe OC., et al. “Diffuse ocular and orbital inflammation after zoledronate infusion—case report and review of the literature”. Digital Journal of Ophthalmology 23 (2017): 109-112.
- Gomez Escobar LG and Devia DG. “Possible ocular adverse effects attributed to bisphoshonate therapy: Two care reports”. Revista Colombiana de Reumatología 24 (2017): 54-59.
- Fraunfelder FW and Fraunfelder FT. “Adverse ocular drug reactions recently identified by the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects”. Ophthalmology 111 (2004): 1275-1279.
- Peterson JD and Bedrossian EH. “Bisphosphonate-associated orbital inflammation—a case report and review”. Orbit 31 (2012): 119-123.
- Hewitt RE., et al. “The bisphosphonate acute phase response: rapid and copious production of proinflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood gd T cells in response to aminobisphosphonates is inhibited by statins”. Clinical and Experimental Immunology 1 (2005): 101-111.
- Kassi G., et al. “Cytokines and insulin resistance after zoledronic acid-induced acute phase response”. Immunological Investigations 6 (2014): 544-555.
- French D and Margo C. “Postmarketing surveillance rates of uveitis and scleritis with bisphosphonates among a national veteran cohort”. Retina 28 (2008): 889-893.
- Patel DV., et al. “The incidence of acute anterior uveitis after intravenous zoledronate”. Ophthalmology4 (2013): 773-776.
- Jones DG., et al. “Synovitis induced by alendronic acid can present as acute carpal tunnel syndrome”. BMJ7482 (2005): 74.
Citation
Copyright