Kokou Messan Amedome¹, Codjo Rodrigue Assavedo²*, Chakiratou Abouki³, Koffi Didier⁴ and Komi Balo⁵

¹University Teaching Hospital of Kara, Togo
²Ophthalmology Teaching and Research Unit, Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Benin
³University Teaching Hospital of Kutuku, Hubert Maga of Cotonou, Benin
⁴Bè Hospital, Lomé, Togo
⁵Sylvanus Olympio University Teaching Hospital of Lomé, Togo

*Corresponding Author: Codjo Rodrigue Assavedo, Ophthalmology Teaching and Research Unit, Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, Benin.

Received: November 18, 2021; Published: December 14, 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctival mucosa regardless of the cause. It is the most common cause of "red eye". The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of conjunctivitis at Kara University Teaching Hospital.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study on the files of patients who consulted in the ophthalmology department of the Kara University Teaching Hospital

and whose diagnosis of conjunctivitis was retained over the period from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019, i.e. a period 03 years old.

Results: Our target population was 550 patients from which we had collected a total of 248 cases of conjunctivitis, i.e. a hospital prevalence of 45.09%. The average age of the respondents was 30.20 years with extremes of 6 months and 78 years. The median was 26.50 years. The age group [0-40] years was the most represented. There was a female predominance with an F/M ratio of 1.53. Pupils, students (34.90%) and civil servants (22.30%) were the most affected. Pain, pruritus, visual impairment, and eye redness were the most frequent reasons for consultation.

Conclusion: Conjunctivitis is a frequent condition in our community and it uses statistical and epidemiological data to better equip itself in the fight against this pathology.

Keywords: Prevalence; Conjunctivitis; Kara

References

1. Dictionnaire Larousse de la langue française Online.
2. Morrow GL and Abbott RL. “Conjunctivitis”. American Family Physician4 (1998): 735-746.
3. Llotet S and Mokin Y. “Guide pratique des examens de laboratoire en ophtalmologie”. Ed. Masson. 65 (1988): 84-92.
4. Alfonso SA., et al. “Conjunctivitis: Primary Care”. Clinics in Office Practice 42 (2015): 325‑ 45.
5. Reinhards J., et al. “Studies in the epidemiology and control of seasonal conjunctivitis and trachoma in southern Morocco”. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 39 (1968): 497‑445.
6. Cahuzac G., et al. “Les conjonctivites tropicales”. Médecine d’Afrique Noire 4 (1984): 217-222.
7. Castan R. “Conjonctivites tropicales: étiologies et validation des caractères Cliniques”. Revue Internationale Du Trachome 68 (1991): 63-73.
8. Amy H Buchanan. Family Medicine1 (219): 58-58.
9. Wane AM., et al. “Conjonctivite allergique du nourrisson : à propos de 130 cas colligés à l’hôpital pour enfants de DIAMNIADIO”. Journal Français D'Ophtalmologie 7 (2018): 58-56.
10. Kokou V., et al. “Les conjonctivites néonatales dans le canton de Glidji au Sud du Togo: une étude transversale à propos de 159 nouveau-nés”. Pan African Medical Journal (2016): 24.
11. Farissi C., et al. “Prévalence de la conjonctivite allergique chez les patients asthmatiques”. Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 13 (2021): 69‑70.
12. Wade PD., et al. “Allergic Conjunctivitis at Sheikh Zayed Regional Eye Care Center, Gambia”. Journal of Ophthalmic and Vision Research 7 (2012): 24-28.
13. Sow AS., et al. “Expérience sénégalaise des conjonctivites virales aiguës”. Journal Français D'Ophtalmologie 2017; 40 (2017): 297-202.
14. Koki G., et al. “Profil des affections oculaires en milieu militaire au Cameroun”. Journal Français D'Ophtalmologie 7 (2015): 89-87.
15. Banla M., et al. “Prévalence et causes des principales affections oculaires en milieu scolaire dans la région centrale du Togo”. Journal Français D'Ophtalmologie 31 (2008): 20-29.
16. Kassir MS. “La pathologie ophtalmologique de dispensaire au Liban : l’exemple de Saïda”. Cahiers d’études et de recherches francophones/Santé 10 (2000): 237‑242.
17. Kumah DB., et al. “Prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis among basic school children in the Kumasi Metropolis (Ghana): a community-based cross-sectional study”. BMC Ophthalmology 15 (2015): 69-65.
18. Vonor K., et al. “Profil des affections oculaires de l’enfant en pratique ophtalmologique au CHU-Tokoin de Lomé (Togo)”. Médecine d’Afrique Noire7 (2014).
19. Berny L., et al. “Prévalence de la conjonctivite chez les patients asthmatiques”. Revue Française d’Allergologie 57 (2017): 263-265.
20. Bobba S., et al. “Incidence, clinical features and diagnosis of cicatrising conjunctivitis in Australia and New Zealand”. Eye (Lond) 32 (2018): 1636‑1643.
21. Malu KN. “Allergic conjunctivitis in Jos-Nigeria”. Nigerian Medical Journal 55 (2014): 166‑170.
22. Güemes-Villahoz N., et al. “Conjunctivitis in COVID-19 patients: frequency and clinical presentation”. Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 258 (2020): 2501‑2507.
23. Chenge B and Makumyamviri AM. “La limbo-conjonctivite endémique des tropiques à Lubumbashi république du Congo”. Bulletin de la Societe belge d'ophtalmologie 390 (2003): 9-16.
24. Mimura T., et al. “Relation entre réfraction et conjonctivite allergique”. Eye (Londres) 23 (2009): 63-66.

Citation

Citation: Kokou Messan Amedome., et al. “Prevalence of Conjunctivitis in Low Developing Countries: The Case in University Teaching Hospital of Kara in Togo".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 5.1 (2022): 21-26.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Codjo Rodrigue Assavedo., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.