Codjo Rodrigue Abel Assavedo*, Amadou Issifou Alfa Bio and Saadiath Hada

Ophthalmology Teaching and Research Unit, Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou. State of Borgou, Republic of Benin

*Corresponding Author: Codjo Rodrigue Abel Assavedo, Head of Ophthalmology Teaching and Research Unit, Department of Surgery and Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Parakou, State of Borgou, Republic of Benin.

Received: May 22, 2021 ; Published: September 26, 2021

Abstract

Introduction: Ametropias are the first reason for ophthalmological consultations of school children. It is a public health problem and one of the main causes of visual impairment in the world.

Purpose: To study the prevalence and associated factors of ametropias among primary school children aged 6 years old and over in the commune of Parakou in 2020.

Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study that took place from july 1st to 30 th september 2020. It involved school children aged at least of 6 years old, residing in the commune of Parakou and enrolled in the various elementary school in this commune for the 2019 - 2020 school year..

Results: A total of 810 children aged 6 - 15 years old had participated to the study. The prevalence of ametropias was 19.87%. The 6 - 7-years-old age group had the most ametropia (34.40%). A female predominance had been objectified (52.23%). Hyperopia was the most represented refractive abnormally (42.68%), followed by astigmatism (39.49%) and myopia (22.93%). Ocular pruritus (p = 0.000) and studying with poor luminosity (p = 0.001) were statistically significantly associated with ametropia. Age (p = 0.0164), sex (p = 0.0095), father's socioeconomic status index (p = 0.0002), mother's socioeconomic status index (p = 0.013), and parental history of wearing corrective lenses (p = 0.0178) were statistically significantly associated with hyperopia. On the other hand, history of prematurity (p = 0.0428) and malnutrition (p = 0.000) were statistically significantly associated with astigmatism and only malnutrition (p = 0.0001) was statistically associated with myopia. However, 3.82% of ametropes were amblyopic.

Conclusion: Ametropia still be a major concern in the children school setting because of its significant prevalence (19.87%) and its complications, which are preventable with early diagnosis and management.

Keywords: Ametropia; Prevalence; Associated Factors; Schoolchildren; Parakou

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Citation

Citation: Codjo Rodrigue Abel Assavedo. “Prevalence and Associated Factors of Ametropia among Schoolchildren Aged at Least 6 Years in North Benin".Acta Scientific Ophthalmology 4.10 (2021): 34-41.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Codjo Rodrigue Abel Assavedo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.