Rokhaya Diajhete¹*, Massamba Ba^1,2, Assanc Sall¹, Dalahata Ba¹ and Mamadou Coumé^1,2

¹Department of Geriatrics, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann, Dakar, Senegal
²Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, Cheikh Anta DIOP University Dakar, Senegal

*Corresponding Author: Rokhaya Diajhete, Department of Geriatrics, Centre Hospitalier National Universitaire de Fann, Dakar, Senegal.

Received: September 19, 2023; Published: October 20, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: The loss of cellular homeostasis induced by advanced age (over 65 years) and some treatments promote the development of various lung diseases in association with comorbidities and poor socioeconomic conditions.

The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of pulmonary pathologies of elderly subjects hospitalized or not in the geriatric department of the CHU de Fann.

Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 52 cases of pulmonary pathologies of the elderly subject over a period of 18 months (May 1, 2019 to October 10, 2020) at the Geriatrics Clinic of Fann.

Results: The prevalence of lung pathologies was 28.26%. The average age was 81.86 years and the 81-90 age group was the most represented. The sex ratio was 1.08. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (61.5%), diabetes (19.2%) and stroke (11.5%). The notion of polymedication was present in 17.3% of cases with an average of 2.2 drugs taken per day. Regarding lifestyle, 57.6% of our patients were sedentary, 17.3% smoking and 11.5% ethyl. The standardized geriatric assessment concluded that 50% of our patients were undernourished in 63.4%, confused in 13.4%, depression in 11.5%, immobilization in 26.9% and cognitive impairment in 15.3%. Community-acquired acute lung disease was the most common lung disease (50%), followed by SARS COV2 pneumonitis (15.3%), inhalation pneumonitis (7.6). The average length of hospital stay was 6 days and mortality was 11.5%.

Conclusion: In the elderly, lung diseases are common and serious. Their management must take into account the complexity involved in aging. The respiratory pathology of the elderly is in our context dominated by acute community pneumonitis, followed by SARS COV2 pneumonitis and inhalation pneumonitis.

 Keywords: Elderly; Lung Disease; Geriatrics; Dakar

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Citation

Citation: Rokhaya Diajhete., et al. “Pulmonary Pathologies of the Elderly: Diagnostic and Evolutionary Particularities in the Geriatric Department of the FANN University Hospital in Dakar”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 7.11 (2023): 94-101.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Rokhaya Diajhete., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.