Acta Scientific Medical Sciences (ASMS)(ISSN: 2582-0931)

Research Article Volume 6 Issue 4

Clinical Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital in Cali, Colombia

Mónica Chávez Vivas1*, José Rafael Tovar Cuevas2, Antonio José Tascón3, Lina María Ibañez Correa4 and Armando Lucumí Moreno5

1Professor Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Research Group Gimmein, Universidad Libre, Colombia
2Professor School of Statistics, Faculty of Engenieering, Universidad del Valle, Colombia
3Professor Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Scientific Director, Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Versalles, Cali, Colombia
4Epidemiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre Seccional Cali, Intensive Care Unit, Clínica Versalles, Cali, Colombia
5Professor Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Research Group Microambiente Libre, Universidad Libre, Colombia

*Corresponding Author: Mónica Chávez Vivas, Professor Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Libre, Seccional Cali, Research Group Gimmein, Universidad Libre, Colombia.

Received: January 28, 2022; Published: March 14, 2022

Abstract

Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 infection is spreading around the world, including countries from Latin America. The purpose of the study was to assess clinical characteristics of patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection in a tertiary hospital in Cali, Colombia and to establish the factors associated with hospitalization and death of patients.

Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was carried out from 890 medical records of positive patients for COVID-19. Variables associated with hospitalization and event of death from COVID 19 were considered in the data analysis. Chi-square association tests and logistic regression models were used to establish the factors associated with the events of interest.

Results: Mean age of the patients was 36.5 years and 62.5% were women. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.8%. The comorbidities that were associated with mortality were COPD, malnutrition, hypertension and obesity (p < 0.05). Our study shows that the variables age over 60 years (p < 0.001, OR = 6.2, CI = 2.3-16.9), dyspnea (p = 0.028, OR = 1.69, CI = 1.4 -10.9) and respiratory failure (p < 0.001, OR = 5.7, CI 1.9-7.6) were identified as independent predictors of hospital mortality.

Conclusion: The predictors of hospitalization were related to advanced age, male sex, and the presence of at least one symptom and an underlying comorbidity. However, elderly patients with COPD or malnutrition, hypertension, obesity, dyspnea, and respiratory failure are at increased risk of mortality.

Keywords: COVID-19; SAR-COV-2; Epidemiology; Clinical Characteristics; Risk Factors; Mortality; Hospitalization

References

  1. Mahase E. “Covid-19: WHO declares pandemic because of "alarming levels" of spread, severity, and inaction”. British Medical Journal 368 (2020): m1036.
  2. Mahase E. “Covid-19: death rate is 0.66% and increases with age, study estimates”. BMJ 369 (2020): m1327.
  3. “Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic”. Worldometer (2020).
  4. World Health Organization. Global (WHO). “COVID-19 Clinical Characterization Case re- port form. Geneva: WHO”. World Health Organization. Report number.
  5. , et al. “Epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of 32 critical and 67 noncritical cases of COVID-19 in Chengdu”. Journal of Clinical Virology 127 (2020): 104366.
  6. , et al. “Clinical characteristics of novel Coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei province”. Chinese Medical Journal 133 (2020): 1025-1031.
  7. , et al. “Epidemiological and clinical features of 125 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Fuyang, Anhui, China”. The International Journal of Infectious Diseases 95 (2020): 421-428.
  8. , et al. “Characteristics of COVID- 19 infection in Beijing”. The Journal of Infection 80 (2020): 401-406.
  9. , et al. “Clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in Beijing”. Biosafety and Health 2.2 (2020): 104-111.
  10. , et al. “Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Severe and Critical Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in Wenzhou: A Retrospective Study”. Frontiers in Medicine 7 (2020): 55200.
  11. World Health Organization (WHO). “Modes of transmission of virus causing COVID-19:implications for IPC precaution recommendations” (2020).
  12. Phan LT., et al. “Importation and Human-to-Human Transmission of a Novel Coronavirus in Vietnam”. The New England Journal of Medicine 9 (2020): 872-874.
  13. Yu P., et al. “Familial Cluster of Infection Associated With the 2019 Novel Coronavirus Indicating Possible Person-to-Person Transmission During the Incubation Period”. Journal of Infectious Diseases 11 (2020): 1757-1761.
  14. Richardson S., et al. “Presenting characteristics, comorbidities, and outcomes among 5700 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in the New York city area”. Journal of the American Medical Association 20 (2020): 2052-2059.
  15. Fang L., et al. “Are patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus at increased risk for COVID-19 infection?” The Lancet Respiratory Medicine4 (2020): e2.
  16. Zhou F., et al. “Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study”. Lancet 395 (2020): 1054e62.
  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Interim clinical guidance for management of patients with confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19)” (2021).
  18. Popov G., et al. “Clinical Characteristics of Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 in Sofia, Bulgaria”. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.). 20 (2020): 910-915.
  19. Jiménez E., et al. “Characteristics, complications and outcomes among 1549 patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in a secondary hospital in Madrid, Spain: a retrospective case series study”. British Medical Journal 10 (2020): e042398.
  20. Li R., et al. “Clinical characteristics of 225 patients with COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital near Wuhan, China”. Journal of Clinical Virology 127 (2020): 104363.
  21. Rodriguez-Morales AJ., et al. “Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis”. Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 34 (2020): 101623.
  22. Li LQ., et al. “COVID-19 patients’ clinical characteristics, discharge rate, and fatality rate of meta-analysis”. Journal of Medical Virology 6 (2020): 577-583.
  23. Shi L., et al. “Dyspnea rather than fever is a risk factor for predicting mortality in patients with COVID-19”. The Journal of Infection 81 (2020): 647-679.
  24. Guan WJ., et al. “Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China”. The New England Journal of Medicine 18 (2020): 1708-1720.
  25. Tobin MJ., et al. “Why COVID-19 silent hypoxemia is baffling to physicians”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine3 (2020): 356-360.
  26. Weynand B., et al. “Diabetes mellitus induces a thickening of the pulmonary basal lamina”. Respiration1 (1999): 14-19.
  27. Zhang JJ., et al. “Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China”. Allergy7 (2020): 1730-1741.
  28. Kulkarni S., et al. “COVID-19 and hypertension”. Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 2 (2020): 1470320320927851.
  29. Chen G., et al. “Hypertension as a sequela in patients of SARS-CoV-2 infection”. PLoS ONE4 (2021): e0250815.
  30. , et al. “Pathophysiology of COVID-19 infection: what is the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) doing to body? A comprehensive systematic review”. Reviews in Medical Microbiology 32 (2021): 35-148.
  31. Kwong JC., et al. “Obesity and respiratory hospitalizations during influenza seasons in Ontario, Canada: a cohort study”. Clinical Infectious Diseases 53 (2011): 413e21.
  32. Zhao Q., et al. “The impact of COPD and smoking history on the severity of Covid-19: A systemic review and meta-analysis”. Journal of Medical Virology10 (2020): 1915-1921.
  33. Yao Y., et al. “Expression of ACE2 in airways: Implication for COVID-19 risk and disease management in patients with chronic inflammatory respiratory diseases”. Clinical and Experimental Allergy 50 (2020): 1313-1324.
  34. Loh CH., et al. “Suboptimal Inspiratory Flow Rates Are Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and All-Cause Readmissions”. The Annals of the American Thoracic Society 14 (2017): 1305-1311.
  35. Rouget A. et al. “Prevalence of malnutrition in COVID-19 inpatients: the nutricov study”. British Journal of Nutrition 126 (2020): 1-24.
  36. Caccialanza R., et al. “Early nutritional supplementation in non-critically ill patients hospitalized for the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19): Rationale and feasibility of a shared pragmatic protocol”. Nutrition 74 (2020): 110835.

Citation

Citation: Mónica Chávez Vivas., et al. “Clinical Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital in Cali, Colombia”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 6.4 (2022): 79-89.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Mónica Chávez Vivas., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate30%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.403

Indexed In





Contact US