Dan Nelu Anușca^1,2,3* and Raul Filip Mureșan²

¹Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania
²Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Emergency County Hospital of Craiova, Romania
³Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania

*Corresponding Author: Dan Nelu Anușca, Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania.

Received: May 26, 2021; Published: July 19, 2021

Abstract

  Tuberculosis (TB) is an endemic disease known since the Paleolithic in animal species, even before it affected humans. Today it presents serious concerns for global health, being the second most infectious disease after malaria, causing the most deaths worldwide despite the remarkable progress made in recent decades in terms of screening, monitoring and therapeutic strategy. In 2017 there were 1.8 million deaths worldwide from tuberculosis, but we are witnessing a very topical reappearance [1,2]. There are several factors that contribute today to maintaining this status of global tuberculosis health problem with its recurrence in developed countries. These are: immigration from regions where the disease is endemic; increasing number of elderly people with debilitating diseases; increasing the number of immuno-compromised patients; the appearance of mycobacterium-multidrug-resistant strains; increasing drug, alcohol, unemployment, poverty and malnutrition abuse; the HIV epidemic, tuberculosis being often the first manifestation of HIV infection; Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TBEP) is more common in Asian and African countries, having today a fantastic increase from 7.6% in 1970 to 35 - 40% [3-5].

Osteoarticular tuberculosis (OATB) increased in incidence in 35% of extrapulmonary cases, especially in underdeveloped countries [6-8].

  Two basic types of disease patterns could be present: the granular type (most often in adults) and the Cassius exudative type (most often in children), one of which being predominant. The algorithm of diagnosis includes several steps of which detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mt) is the gold standard. The actual treatment is primarily medical, consisting of antituberculosis chemotherapy (ATT), surgical intervention being warranted only for selected cases. It is essential that clinicians know and refresh their knowledge about the manifestation of OATB [9].

Keywords: Osteoarticular Tuberculosis; Bone and Joint Tuberculosis; Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis; Hand and Wrist

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Citation

Citation: Dan Nelu Anușca and Raul Filip Mureșan. “Brief Review of Clinical Morphological and Therapeutic Profiles of the Hand and Wrist Osteoarticular Tuberculosis”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 5.8 (2021): 61-64.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 Dan Nelu Anușca and Raul Filip Mureșan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.