Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the Pattern of Eye Diseases in the rural community of Enugu-Ezike in Igbo-Eze North Local Government Area, Enugu State, Nigeria.

Methods: In a population-based cross-sectional study carried out in 4-day Community Eye Health Screening at Enugu-Ezike, participants were sampled using convenient sampling method. Participants’ case histories were taken to contain details of demographic characteristics, personal history, presenting complaints, aided and unaided visual acuity. Ocular examinations were done using Pentorch, Snellen’s Visual Acuity Chart, Direct Ophthalmoscope, Contact Tonometer, Trial Lens Case, Retinoscope, and findings recorded. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 16.0.) was used to analyse the data; p > 0.05 was taken to be significant.

Results: There were 650 participants screened, out of whom 466 (71.7%) persons presented with Eye Diseases. Of the 466 persons, males comprised of 174 (37.3%) and 292 (62.7%) females with a male to female ratio of 1:2. Their age ranged from 6 - 90 years with the mean ± standard deviation age (SD) of 56.79 ± 16.134 years. The older age group 66 years and above presented more with Eye Diseases 180 (38.6%) compared with the least age group 6-20 years 25 (5.4%). The result showed that the commonest Eye Disease found was glaucoma, noted among 112 participants and revealing a prevalence rate of 24.0%, followed by Cataract 103 (22.1%) and Pterygium 71 (15.2%). And these varied significantly with gender and age (p=0.00, 95 Cl). However, Stye was infrequent and was the least, 6 (1.3%) eye disease in the community.

Conclusion: The effort at improving the ocular health of this community can be focused on reducing the burden of glaucoma, cataract, Pterygium and related eye diseases.

Keywords: Pattern; Eye Disease; Rural Community; Enugu-Ezike; Nigeria

References

1. Agyemang-Mireku F. “Pattern of Ocular Conditions among Patients Attending an Eye Clinic in Ghana, Eye Clinic, Volta River Authority Hospital, Akosombo, Ghana”. Optometry Open Access1 (2017): 122.
2. Vision Health Initiatives. “Basics of Vision and Eye Health’’ (2015): 45-46.
3. Rushood AA. “Ocular disorders among school children in Khartoun State, Sudan”. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal3 (2013): 15-31.
4. Kenneth LL., et al. “Eye Diseases in Akon Payan South Sudan”. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology3 (2017): 27-22.
5. Durowade KA., et al. “Prevalence and risk factors of glaucoma among adults in rural and urban communities of Ilorin West Local Government area, North-Central Nigeria”. International Journals of Clinical Medicine Research1 (2016): 6-12.
6. Abraham EG and Emmanuel OM. “Pattern of Eye Diseases among participant of free eye screening program in Uyo. “Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria”. International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health3 (2017): 657-661.
7. Achigbu EO., et al. “Ocular morbidity in rural communities in Imo State South East Nigeria”. Open Journal of Ophthalmology 6 (2016):184-190.
8. Khalil AL., et al. “Pattern of Eye Diseases at Tertiary Eye Hospital in Sudan Makah Eye Hospital, Khartoun”. Al- bar International Journal of Ophthalmology1 (2015): 15-18.
9. Ajaiyeoba A., et al. “Pattern of Eye Diseases and visual impairment among students in Southwestern Nigeria”. International Journal Ophthalmology5 (2007): 287-292.
10. Onyekonwu GC. “Pattern of eye diseases in Nigerian children seen at Ebonyi state university teaching hospital (EBSUTH), Nigeria”. Ebonyi Medical Journal1-2 (2008): 4-7.
11. , et al. “Pattern of eye problems in paramedical students”. Journal of Medical and Health Science 47 (2013): 50.
12. Kehinde FM., et al. “Pattern of eye diseases presents at free outreach in rural community in the Northwestern Nigeria”. Sudan Medical Monitor 4 (2015): 113-116.
13. Mohammed M., et al. “Causes of blindness and visual mimpariment in Nigeria: The Nigerian national blindness and visual impairment suevey”. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science 50 (2009): 4114-4120.
14. Guo C., et al. “Prevalence, Causes and Social Factors of Visual Impairment among Chinese Adults: Based on a National Survey”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14 (2017): 1034.

Citation

Citation: Samuel Chibueze Osuji., et al. "Pattern of Eye Diseases in A Rural Community of Enugu, Nigeria".Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 4.1 (2020): 64-68.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Samuel Chibueze Osuji., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.