Sangita Kamath¹* and Manish Kumar²

¹Consultant, Department of Medicine, Tata Main Hospital, Jharkhand, India
²Specialist, Department of Medicine, Tata Main Hospital, Jharkhand, India

*Corresponding Author: Sangita Kamath, Consultant, Department of Medicine, Tata Main Hospital, Jharkhand, India.

Received: March 27, 2018; Published: May 10, 2018

Citation: Sangita Kamath and Manish Kumar. “Hospital Based Study of Vivax Malaria - How Benign is it?”. Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 2.3 (2018).

Abstract

Introduction: In South and Southeast Asia, where the majority of vivax malaria occurs, P. vivax accounts for up to 50% of malaria cases with prevalence rates between 1% and 6% of the population. Although once regarded as a benign disease, it is proven to be the sole cause for severe complicated malaria including death.

Aim: To study the clinical profile and outcomes of Plasmodium vivax mono infections among adults.

Methods: A retrospective study carried out in a tertiary care hospital, Tata Main Hospital, Jamshedpur from January 2016 to December 2016. Severe Plasmodium vivax malaria was categorized as per WHO guidelines. Clinical presentations and laboratory parameters were noted from the medical records.

Results: Out of the total 95 cases of vivax malaria, 27 (28.4%) were due to severe vivax malaria. The most common haematological complication was thrombocytopenia (73.1%). Severe anaemia was seen in 14.8% cases while 27.3% of patients had jaundice. Transaminitis was detected in 44.4%, polyserositis in 7.4%, and renal failure in 18.5% of cases. Hyponatremia was encountered in 22.2% of patients. Shock, adult respiratory distress syndrome and cerebral malaria were found in 11.1%, 11.1% and 7.4% of patients respectively. 40.7% of the cases had organ failure, 5 patients (18.5%) had single organ, 4 patients (14.8%) had two organ and 2 patients (7.4%) had 3 organ failure. Mortality rate was 3.7%.

Conclusions: P. vivax malaria is a potentially severe disease with morbidity and mortality. Despite this, with early diagnosis and timely intervention, outcome can be significantly better.

Keywords: Malaria; Vivax; Complications; Organs; Failure

Copyright: © 2018 Sangita Kamath and Manish Kumar. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.