AA Elzubair¹*, MA Eljack¹, SA Talha¹, BS Ghanim¹ and MN Saied²

¹General Directorate of Energy Affairs, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, Sudan
²Minister of Energy and Petroleum, Ex-General Director of Energy Affairs, Sudan

*Corresponding Author: AA Elzubair, General Directorate of Energy Affairs, Ministry of Energy and Petroleum, Sudan.

Received: March 04, 2025; Published: April 29, 2025

Abstract

This paper examines how subsidies and incentives for renewable energy development enhance energy security in Sudan. It highlights the 2018 rise in electricity tariffs and the 2021 withdrawal of fuel subsidies, which, while addressing economic, social, and environmental goals, led to budget strains, market distortions, and inefficiencies. The subsidy removal reduced fuel consumption, curbed smuggling, and encouraged renewable energy adoption, especially solar power, in various sectors. The paper emphasizes the role of incentives like tax exemptions and grants in promoting renewable energy and strengthening energy security. Sudan's transition offers valuable lessons in balancing subsidies and diversifying energy sources. The paper concludes with policy recommendations, including the need for targeted incentives for renewable energy adoption, phased subsidy reforms, and enhanced public-private partnerships to ensure sustainable energy security.

Keywords: Energy Subsidies; Renewable Energy; Sudan Energy Transition; Solar Power; Policy

References

1. Ministry of Energy and Petroleum: Sudan Energy Balance Indicators (2022).
2. World Bank: From Subsidy to Sustainability; Diagnostic Review of Sudan’s Electricity Sector.
3. IRENA: Survey of Off-Grid Solar Energy Installation and Use in Sudan, SUMMARY REPORT.
4. World Bank: Financial Viability of Electricity Sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa Quasi-Fiscal Deficits and Hidden Costs.
5. “Renewable Energy in Germany: Key Figures and Statistics”. German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (2023).
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7. S. Department of Energy. “Solar Energy Cost Decline: 2010–2020”. (2021).
8. “Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC): Economic Impact”. Solar Energy Industries Association (2023).
9. American Clean Power Association. “Wind Energy Capacity Growth in the U.S.”. (2023).

Citation

Citation: AA Elzubair., et al. “The Role of Subsidies and Incentives in the Development of Renewable Energy Sources and Enhancing Energy Security in Sudan"Acta Scientific Computer Sciences 7.2 (2025): 19-23.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 AA Elzubair., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.