Purva Chougule and Patil Rujuta

Periodontist, Department of Periodontology, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University, Bengaluru, India

*Corresponding Author: Purva Chougule, Periodontist, Department of Periodontology, The Oxford Dental College and Hospital, Rajiv Gandhi University, Bengaluru, India.

Received: April 12, 2024; Published: May 09, 2024

Abstract

Gingival enlargement is the most common side effect seen with the use of three major classes of drugs namely anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers and immunosuppressants. We reported a case of 42-year-old female treated with Amlodipine for 3 years and developed gingival overgrowth in past 1 year. The GE had affected both mandibular and maxillary arches. Amlodipine was suspected for the GE in agreement with her physician. One month after the substitution of drug with physician’s consent and periodontal therapy, the GE was subsided completely. Later, the deep periodontal pocket measuring ≥5mm were treated with surgical periodontal therapy and patient was followed up regularly for 3 months.
No recurrence of gingival enlargement was experienced by the patient for next 1 year. This unique case should encourage every dental practitioner to be diligent while treating such cases and to consider the potential side effects of using these drugs.

Keywords: Gingival Enlargement (GE); Gingival Overgrowth; Calcium Channel Blockers; Drug Induced Gingival Enlargement (DIGO)

References

1. Newman Michael G., et al. “Newman and Carranza's Clinical Periodontology: Newman and Carranza's Clinical Periodontology E-Book”. Elsevier health sciences, 2018. “Gingival Enlargement (2018): 1533-1534.
2. Seymour RA., et al. “The pathogenesis of drug‐induced gingival overgrowth”. Journal of Clinical Periodontology3 (1996): 165-175.
3. Quenel L., et al. “Amlodipine-induced gingival enlargement: A case report”. Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery3 (2020): 308-311.
4. Nery EB., et al. “Prevalence of nifedipine‐induced gingival hyperplasia”. Journal of Periodontology7 (1995): 572-578.
5. Jorgensen MG. “Prevalence of amlodipine‐related gingival hyperplasia”. Journal of Periodontology 7 (1997): 676-678.
6. Dongari-Bagtzoglou Anna. "Drug-associated gingival enlargement”. Journal of Periodontology10 (2004): 1424-1431.
7. Marshall Roderick I and P Mark Bartold. "A clinical review of drug‐induced gingival overgrowths”. Australian dental journal4 (1999): 219-232.
8. Barak Shlomo., et al. “Gingival hyperplasia caused by nifedipine: Histopathologic findings”. Journal of periodontology9 (1987): 639-642.
9. Ellis Janice S., et al. “Prevalence of gingival overgrowth induced by calcium channel blockers: a community‐based study”. Journal of periodontology1 (1999): 63-67.
10. Rees Terry D. "Drugs and oral disorders”. Periodontology 200018 (1998): 21-36.
11. Mathur Setu., et al. “Drug induced gingival overgrowth: a rare case report”. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research: JCDR1 (2015): ZD31.
12. Ellis Janice S., et al. “Prevalence of gingival overgrowth induced by calcium channel blockers: a community‐based study”. Journal of Periodontology1 (1999): 63-67.
13. Newman Takei HH Takei and P Klokkevold. "Carranza. Carranza's clinical periodontology”. (2003): 744-747.
14. Moffitt Michelle., et al. “Treatment modalities for drug–induced gingival enlargement”. American Dental Hygienists' Association4 (2012): 272-277.
15. Ilgenli Tunç., et al. “Effectiveness of periodontal therapy in patients with drug‐induced gingival overgrowth. Long‐term results”. Journal of periodontology9 (1999): 967-972.

Citation

Citation: Purva Chougule and Patil Rujuta. “Drug Induced Gingival Overgrowth: A Case Study and Clinical Analysis".Acta Scientific Clinical Case Reports 5.6 (2024): 34-40.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Purva Chougule and Patil Rujuta. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.