Pooja R*

Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Surana College Autonomous, Southend Road, Bangalore-560004, India

*Corresponding Author: Pooja R, Assistant Professor, Department of Biotechnology, Surana College Autonomous, Southend Road, Bangalore-560004, India.

Received: February 25, 2025; Published: November 12, 2025

Abstract

Agriculture stands at the nexus of scientific innovation and sustainability, confronting the challenge of producing more food with fewer resources while safeguarding environmental integrity. This review examines recent advancements that bridge modern science with sustainable agricultural practices. Key innovations such as precision farming, artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and genomics-based crop improvement are revolutionizing resource management, yield optimization, and climate resilience. Emerging eco-friendly interventions, including nanotechnology, biofertilizers, and biopesticides, are minimizing chemical dependencies and restoring soil health, thereby promoting environmental stewardship.

Beyond technological progress, the paper emphasizes sustainability frameworks that integrate socio-economic dimensions—enhancing smallholder participation, promoting gender equity, and advancing climate-smart agricultural (CSA) systems. These developments collectively align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), and Climate Action (SDG 13). Nevertheless, critical challenges persist, including limited technological accessibility, high implementation costs, and inadequate policy and institutional support that constrain the broader adoption of sustainable innovations.

This review synthesizes global research findings to illustrate how merging scientific advancement with traditional ecological knowledge can create resilient, productive, and environmentally responsible agro-ecosystems. The study underscores the need for multidisciplinary collaboration and inclusive innovation to ensure agriculture’s sustainable transformation in the twenty-first century.

Keywords: Sustainable Agriculture; Precision Farming; Climate-Smart Agriculture; Nanotechnology; Artificial Intelligence; Food Security; Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Citation

Citation: Pooja R. “Bridging Science and Sustainability: Modern Challenges and Innovations in Agriculture". Acta Scientific Agriculture 9.10 (2025): 01-10.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Pooja R. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.