Acta Scientific Agriculture (ASAG)(ISSN: 2581-365X)

Short Communication Volume 4 Issue 12

Application of Bentonite Mineral in Removal of Heavy Metals

Ashok Kumar Jha*

Department of Chemistry, T.M.B.U. University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India

*Corresponding Author: Ashok Kumar Jha, Department of Chemistry, T.M.B.U. University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India.

Received: November 13, 2020; Published: November 27, 2020

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  Bentonite deposits are widely distributed in different parts of the world associated with volcanic rocks and tuffaceous sediments of Miocene and Oligocene age. Other important minerals are illite, kaolinite and vermiculite. Bentonite mineral is smectite group of minerals having a montmorillonite unit which consists of two tetrahedral silica sheets and one octahedral sheet [1-3]. These come under clay minerals abundant in Rajasthan and Jharkhand. A vast deposit of bentonite occurs in a place Wyoming in U.S.A, Montmorillon in France, Japan and some countries of the world. So, this bentonite has been named after its place known as Wyoming bentonite and montmorillonite has gained its name after its discovery locality at Montmorillon 70 Km NNW of Limoges, France. Natural bentonite is 98% montmorillonite giving positive stain test with benzidine solution [4-6]. Owing to low cost and abundance in nature, a new vistas of research on bentonites has been opened up with a view to remove heavy metals and toxic elements from aqueous medium. Clay minerals have residual charges on the surface due to partial substitution of tetrahedral Si4+ by Al3+ or Al3+ or Fe3+ by Fe2+ or Mg2+. Thus, substitution of tetravalent cations by trivalent cations leaves deficit charge on the surface of the clay. Main constituents of clay minerals are SiO2, Al2O3 along with Na2O, K2O, CaO and MgO [7]. Characterization of bentonites are done by XRD, FTIR, SEM, TGA, DSC and physico chemical tests. Bentonites of different colour and grade of Rajmahal hills of Jharkhand have been used commercially for various industrial purposes. High swelling power, plastic properties, adsorption potential and cation exchange capacity of bentonite have made it a low cost adsorbent of Cr, Cd, As, F and organic dyes.

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References

  1. Majumder S and Jha Ashok Kumar. “Removal of Cr and Mn from aqueous medium using bentonites, and their derivatives”. Journal of Chemical Sciences 135 (2020).
  2. Mishra B and Jha Ashok Kumar. “Chemical composition and molecular formula of Rajmahal bentonite (jharkhand)”. Asian Journal of Chemistry12 (2011): 5491-5494.
  3. Jha Ashok Kumar., et al. “Softening of hard water by bentonite mineral”. Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 4 (2011): 93-96.
  4. Jha AK. “Bentonite for chemical industries”. Journal of Indian Chemical Society1 (2018): 35-40.
  5. Jha AK and Majumder S. “Characterization of montmorillonite minerals”. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research 6 (2019).
  6. Jha AK and U Kumar. “Studies on removal of heavy metals by Cymbopogon flexuous”. AJAEB1 (2016): 89-92.
  7. Jha AK. “Adsorption of Cr (VI) and Arsenic on to bentonite”. Chemical Science Review and Letters12 (2014).
  8. Kumari Kiran and Jha Ashok Kumar. “Ground water: physicochemical assessment along the Koshi River in Kharik block of Naugachia subdivision, Bhagalpur”. Journal of Phamcognosy and Phytochemistry3 (2019): 3949-3954.
  9. Jha AK and Kumar Ujjwal. “Estimation of arsenic (III) and chromium (VI) contamination in Gangetic plains of Bhagalpur”. International Journal of New Innovations in Engineering and Technology4 (2020).
  10. Jha AK. “A case study of water pollution of Kharnai river as well as ground water with special reference to heavy metals”. Indian Journal of Environment Protection30 (2010): 832-835
  11. Kumari K and Jha AK. “Studies on concentration of Arsenic (III) and chromium (IV) in ground water resources of Naugachia region”. Journal of Emerging Technologies and lnnovative Research2 (2019): 450-455.
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Citation

Citation: Ashok Kumar Jha. “Application of Bentonite Mineral in Removal of Heavy Metal". Acta Scientific Agriculture 4.12 (2020): 63-64.




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