Abstract

  A two-season field experiment was conducted at Gemmeiza Research Station, Egypt, during 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 to study the effect of some wheat plant distribution systems (2, 3 and 4 rows), three N fertilizer levels (80, 100, 120 kg N fed-1) and three K fertilizer levels (24, 48, 72 kg K fed-1) on the productivity of both crops and farmers benefit. Sugar beet was planted on both sides of the bed (120 cm width), wheat was planted in all intercropping treatments at 25% of sole culture seed rate. A split-split plot design with three replications was used. Wheat plant distribution allocated to the main plots, N fertilizer arranged in the sub-plots and K fertilizer is presented in the sub-sub plots. Wheat plant height and spike length recorded the highest values by wheat planting in 2 rows followed by in 3 and 4 rows was showed the lost values in both seasons. Simultaneously; the other characters of wheat i.e. spike grains wt., 1000-grain wt., no. of grains spike-1, no. of spikes m-2, grain yield fed-1 and straw yield ton fed-1 recorded the highest values with 4 wheat rows in both seasons. All studied characters of wheat were increased by increasing N fertilizer levels from 80 to 100 up to 120 kg N fed-1 in both seasons. Most wheat characters were decreased by increasing K fertilizer levels from 24 to 48 up to 72 kg K fed-1 in both seasons. Most of the wheat characters were significantly influenced by the different interaction under study in both seasons. Sugar beet yield and its components as well as sugar% recorded the highest values when wheat was planted in 2 rows. Increasing N fertilizer levels increased all studied characters in both seasons. All sugar beet characters were recorded the highest values by using 48 kg K fed-1 followed by 72 and 24 kg K fed-1 in both seasons. Most sugar beet characters were significantly affected by the different interactions between factors under study in both seasons. The best land equivalent ratio (LER) and Land Equivalent Coefficient (LEC) achieved the highest values with treatment included 2 wheat rows with 120 kg N and 24 or 48 kg K fed-1. Simultaneously, Aggressivity (A), wheat was the dominant crop and sugar beet was dominated in both seasons. The treatment of wheat planting in 4 rows with 120 kg N fed-1 and 24 kg K fed-1 recorded the highest values for both total income and net return in both seasons.

Keywords: Intercropping; Competitive Relationships; Total Income

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Citation

Citation: Amr S Shams., et al. “Effect of Wheat Plant Distribution, Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Levels on Wheat-sugar Beet Association". Acta Scientific Agriculture 4.10 (2020): 52-74.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Amr S Shams., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.