Abstract

 A two-year study was carried out at El-Kassaseen Agricultural Research Station, Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Ismailia government, Egypt, during 2018 and 2019 summer seasons to evaluate the optimum interplanting system of soybean with orange, mandarin and mango for achieving high productivity of crops, land usage, and profitability under sandy soil conditions. Ten treatments were the combinations of three orchards trees (mango, orange and mandarin) and two soybean plant distributions with the same plant density (one row/ridge and two rows/ridge) in a strip plot design with three replications were taken. The rhizosphere of mandarin trees had higher soil CO2 and organic carbon (OC), meanwhile the reverse was true for mango trees under interplanting conditions. Wide soybean plant distribution increased fruit yield per ha by 10.23 and 10.06% for orange trees and by 7.49 and 6.29% for mandarin trees in the first and second seasons, respectively than the narrow one as a result of increased soil CO2 and OC, meanwhile, all the studied traits of mango trees were not affected. On the other hand, interplanting soybean with mandarin trees recorded higher light intensity at the middle of soybean plant, the number of branches and pods per plant, as well as seed yields per plant and per ha than the other interplanting systems soybean + orange and soybean + mango in both seasons. Also, wide soybean plant distribution gave higher all the studied soybean traits (except plant height) than the narrow one in both seasons. Moreover, soybean of wide plant distribution in soybean + mandarin system gave higher all the studied soybean traits (except plant height) compared with the other treatments in both seasons. Land equivalent ratio (LER) and land equivalent coefficient (LEC) values for intercrops were much greater than 1.00 and 0.25, respectively, indicating the advantage of the interplanting system than solid culture of the studied orchards. Growing four ridges of soybean variety Giza 22 (one row per ridge at distance 25 cm between hills) between mango trees cultivar Naomy is more profitable for Egyptian farmers followed by growing four ridges of the same soybean variety (two soybean rows per ridge at distance 50 cm between hills) with mandarin trees (Fremont cultivar).

Keywords: Interplanting; Orchard Species; Soybean Plant Distribution; Soil CO2; Soil OC; Competitive Relationships; Economic Return

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Citation

Citation: Mohamed AF Selim., et al. “Interplanting Soybean with Three Species of Orchard Trees Under Two Soybean Plant Distributions in Sandy Soils".Acta Scientific Agriculture 4.8 (2020): 21-36.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Mohamed AF Selim., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.