Evaluation of Different Fungicides for Effective Management of Powdery mildew (Oidium sesami )of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Southeastern Oromia; Bale, Ethiopia

Ermias Teshome*

Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia

*Corresponding Author: Ermias Teshome, Sinana Agricultural Research Center, Bale-Robe, Ethiopia.

Received: May 19, 2018; Published: July 03, 2018

Citation: Ermias Teshome.“Evaluation of Different Fungicides for Effective Management of Powdery mildew (Oidium sesami ) of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Southeastern Oromia; Bale, Ethiopia". Acta Scientific Agriculture 2.8 (2018).

Abstract

  Sesame (Sesamum indicum .L.) is a vital oil crop produced in the world and Ethiopia is one of the major producer countries of the crop. The Field experiment was conducted for two years (2015/16 and 2016/17 GC) at Delo-mena site of Sinana Agricultural Research Center (SARC) with the objective of identifying effective fungicide for the management of Powdery mildew of Sesame. The trial was arranged in RCB Design with three replications. The treatment fungicides were; Odeon 825 WDG, Mancozeb 80% WP, Natura 250 EW, Ridomil Gold MZ 68 WG, Rex^® Duo, Tilt 250 EC and unsprayed control was included for treatment comparison. Disease severity was scored on 10 randomly pre- tagged plants from the central four rows. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) and disease progress rate (r) were derived from percent disease severity index. Logistic model (ln[y/(1-y)]) was employed to estimate the disease progression and data were analyzed using SAS procedure. The association of disease parameters with yield and yield related traits were assessed using Correlation and Regression analysis. ANOVA for disease severity (%), AUDPC (%-days) and r units^-1 day have shown statistically significant (p < 0.01) difference between treatments. The highest Powdery mildew disease severity of 40.33% and the lowest (5.67%) were recorded from unsprayed control and Tilt 250 EC treated plots, respectively. Similarly, the highest AUDPC (1445.50%-days) and r (0.03703 units-1day) and the lowest AUDPC (193.67%-days) and r (-0.00414 units-1day) were similarly calculated from unsprayed control and Tilt 250 EC treated plots, respectively. Regarding yield and yield related traits; ANOVA has shown significant variations (P < 0.01) between treatments for number of Capsules per plant, Capsule length, TKW and grain yield. The highest number of Capsules per plant (71.67), Capsule length (3.01 mm), TKW (3.27g) and grain yield (618.98 kg/ ha) were recorded from a plot sprayed with Tilt 250 EC treated plot; while the lowest number of Capsule per plant (21.33), Capsule length (2.30 mm), TKW (2.80g) and grain yield (457.87 kg/ha) were recorded from unsprayed control plot. Simple linear regression of TKW and grain yield with Powdery mildew disease severity and AUDPC have revealed significant association (P < 0.01) between treatments. Pair wise pearson correlation analysis has showed significant (P < 0.01) correlation between disease parameters and yield parameters. The correlation between grain yield with Powdery mildew disease severity and AUDPC have depicted that Powdery mildew disease severity and AUDPC have strong negative correlation with grain yield (r=-0.91927) and (r=-0.91951), respectively. Therefore, based on the result of this study, a fungicide Tilt 250 EC is recommended for the management of Powdery mildew disease on Sesame at both small and large-scale production levels.

Keywords: Sesame; Powdery Mildew; Disease Severity Index; AUDPC; Disease Progress Rate and Disease Progress Curve

Copyright: © 2018 Ermias Teshome. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.