Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences (ISSN: 2582-3183)

Review Article Volume 3 Issue 9

Psychological Impacts of COVID-19

RA Bhat1*, S Gulzar1, A Muhee1, MI Yatoo1, S Nisa2 and M Nisa3

1Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, India
3Division of Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, India

*Corresponding Author: RA Bhat, Division of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Received: June 14, 2021; Published: August 09, 2021

Abstract

The coronavirus disease outbreak of 2019 (COVID-19) has triggered a global health catastrophe that has had a profound impact on how we view the world and live our daily lives. Given the existing physical reach of the COVID-19 pandemic in the population, long-term socioeconomic and psychological consequences are unavoidable. The rapid rise in worry and anxiety among individuals as a result of the disease's unknown nature is accompanied by necessary but socially disruptive measures such as lockdowns and quarantines. Post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, panic disorders, and behavioural problems are among the psychological and psychiatric diseases that might result. Staying away from family, loneliness, disinformation on social media, financial insecurity, and stigmatisation are all risk factors. Children will be challenged primarily by a lack of structure associated with the closing of schools and colleges. Pregnant women are one of the most vulnerable groups during a viral outbreak, and they are at a higher risk of experiencing anxiety, stress, and depression symptoms during the COVID 19 outbreak. Older adults and people of any age with major underlying medical disorders may be at a higher risk of severe disease from COVID-19 according to currently available information and clinical expertise. With increased vulnerability comes an increase in anxiety, panic, and apprehension among the elderly and their family, which has been ongoing but little discussed. An increase in the prevalence rate of COVID-19 and the resulting restrictions leads to an increase in anxiety; thus, promoting public awareness of the condition and giving positive psychological programmes in the media focused at stress management can help society reduce anxiety.

Keywords: COVID-19; Stress; Anxiety; Psychological Impact; Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

References

  1. Burrell CJ., et al. “Coronaviruses”. Fenner and White's Medical Virology (2017): 437-446.
  2. Sahu KK., et al. “India fights back: COVID-19 pandemic”. Heart and Lung: The Journal of Cardiopulmonary and Acute Care5 (2020): 446-448.
  3. Zhong N., et al. “Epidemiology and cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Guangdong, People's Republic of China, in February, 2003”. The Lancet9393 (2003): 1353-1358.
  4. Deja M., et al. “Social support during intensive care unit stay might improve mental impairment and consequently health-related quality of life in survivors of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome”. Critical Care5 (2006): R147.
  5. Stein MB., et al. “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): Psychiatric illness”. (2020).
  6. Hawryluck L., et al. “SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto Canada”. Emerging Infectious Diseases 7 (2004): 1206-1212.
  7. Xu K., et al. “Management of corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19): the Zhejiang experience”. Journal of Zhejiang University (medical science)1 (2020).
  8. Mei SL., et al. “Psychological investigation of university students in a university in Jilin province”. Med-Soc (Berkeley) 24.5 (2011): 84-86.
  9. Cornine A. “Reducing nursing student anxiety in the clinical setting: An integrative review”. Nursing Education Perspectives 4 (2020): 229-234.
  10. Wang C., et al. “A novel coronavirus outbreak of global health concern”. Lancet10223 (2020): 470-473.
  11. Xiao C. “A novel approach of consultation on 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) related psychological and mental problems: structured letter therapy”. Psychiatry Investigation 172 (2020): 175-176.
  12. Kmietowicz, Z. “Rules on isolation rooms for suspected covid-19 cases in GP surgeries to be relaxed”. BMJ (2020).
  13. Sommer B. “Stress and menstrual distress”. Journal of Human Stress3 (1978): 5-47.
  14. Allsworth JE., et al. “The influence of stress on the menstrual cycle among newly incarcerated women”. Women's Health Issues4 (2007): 202-209.
  15. Patel A., et al. “Prevalence and predictors of infertility-specific stress in women diagnosed with primary infertility: A clinic-based study”. Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences 9 (2016): 28-34.
  16. Berthelot N., et al. “Uptrend in distress and psychiatric symptomatology in pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic”. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 99 (2020): 848- 855.
  17. Noordam R., et al. “Prescription and indication trends of antidepressant drugs in the Netherlands between 1996 and 2012: a dynamic population based study”. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 71 (2015): 369-375.
  18. Kourtis AP., et al. “Pregnancy and infection”. The New England Journal of Medicine 23 (2014): 2211-2218.
  19. Thapa SB., et al. “Maternal mental health in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic”. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica 99 (2020): 817-818.
  20. Kwon JY., et al. “New insights into the relationship between viral infection and pregnancy complications”. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 5 (2014): 387-390.
  21. Jamieson DJ., et al. “What obstetrician-gynecologists should know about Ebola: a perspective from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention”. Obstetrics and Gynecology5 (2014): 1005-1010.
  22. Price ME., et al. “A prospective study of maternal and fetal outcome in acute Lassa fever infection during pregnancy”. British Medical Journal6648 (1988): 584-587.
  23. Kiran L. Senior Consultant-Obstetrics and Gynecology.
  24. Dunkel-Schetter C and Glynn L. “Stress in pregnancy: empirical evidence and theoretical issues to guide interdisciplinary researchers”. In: Contrada R, Baum A, editors. Handbook of stress science: biology, psychology, and health. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company (2011): 321-343.
  25. Stowe ZN and Nemeroff CB. “Women at risk for postpartum-onset major depression”. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2 (1995): 639-645.
  26. Liu K., et al. “Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients”. Journal of Infection (2020).
  27. Banerjee D. “How COVID-19 is overwhelming our mental health”. Nature India (2020).

Citation

Citation: RA Bhat., et al. “Psychological Impacts of COVID-19". Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences 3.9 (2021): 02-06.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2021 RA Bhat., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




Metrics

Acceptance rate35%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days
Impact Factor1.008

Indexed In





News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is November 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US