Muhammad Mehran Mouzam*, Aamna Bibi, Noman Haider Khan, Watiba Danish, Fatima Naveed and Ayiza Sulaiman

Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan

*Corresponding Author: Muhammad Mehran Mouzam, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Received: September 01, 2023; Published: December 24, 2023

Abstract

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the integral membrane proteins used by the cell to convert the extracellular signals into intracellular responses. The GPCR stimulates signaling mediated by β-arrestins or G protein to exert forces of movement during metastasis and tumor cell. The GPCR mediated ERK/MAPK activation triggers multiple pathways that can regulate crosstalk between GPCR and receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling, which is responsible to many cellular functions with activated MAPK cascades. The components of ERK signaling cascade are attractive targets for drug development. ERK signaling cascade also enhanced inhibition of ERK signaling in the tumor, which is required for effective treatment of RAS/RAF mutant cancers. However, when ERK is activated, ERK is transported to the nucleus, and promotes a transcription of mitogenesis and proliferation related target genes. The activation of ERK via cytokines initiate expression level of transcription factors, protein kinase and regulatory genes, which is capable of regulating cell migration, differentiation, survival, proliferation, and apoptosis with rapidness and sequence. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway can regulate tumor progression via Wnt ligand interaction by promoting metastatic growth and resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer. In this review, the significance of different GPCRs mediated signaling pathways capable of regulating cellular migration, differentiation, apoptosis, proliferation, cell survival, and tumor progression which helps to treat tumor cell.

Keywords: Cancer Progression; GPCR; Cytokines/ERK1/2 Signaling; GRK/β-arrestin Signaling; Wnt/ β-catenin Pathway; MAPK Pathway

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Citation

Citation: Muhammad Mehran Mouzam., et al. “G Protein-Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) Mediated Signaling Pathway, An Essential Drug Targets in Tumor Regulation: An Overview".Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 8.1 (2024): 85-93.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Muhammad Mehran Mouzam., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.