Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences (ASPS)(ISSN: 2581-5423)

Research Article Volume 5 Issue 10

Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill and Peer (Combretaceae) and Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae), Tropical Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Management of Gastro-intestinal Parasitosis of Small Ruminants: Chemical Composition Study

Julienne Kuiseu1,3, Geraldo Tchegniho Houmenou1, Pascal Abiodoun Olounlade1*, Basile Saka Boni Konmy1, Claude Gbemeho Houssoukpe1, Tony Taofick Babalola Abiodoun Sounkere1, Christian Cocou Dansou1, Ibikounle Moudachirou4, Severin Babatounde5, Sylvie Mawule Hounzangbe-Adote2 and Patrick Aleodjrodo Edorh3

1Zootechnics and Livestock Systems Research Unit (URZoSE), Animal and Fisheries Sciences Laboratory (LaSAH), Doctoral School of Agronomic and Water Sciences (EDSAE), National University of Agriculture (UNA), Republic of Benin
2Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology and Animal Health, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Republic of Benin
3Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health (LATSE), University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Republic of Benin
4Zoology Laboratory of the Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Republic of Benin
5Laboratory of Zootechnics, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC), Cotonou, Republic of Benin

*Corresponding Author: Pascal Abiodoun Olounlade, Zootechnics and Livestock Systems Research Unit (URZoSE), Animal and Fisheries Sciences Laboratory (LaSAH), Doctoral School of Agronomic and Water Sciences (EDSAE), National University of Agriculture (UNA), Republic of Benin.

Received: August 18, 2021; Published: October 18, 2021

×

Abstract

Anogeissus leiocarpus and Adansonia digitata are two plant species which the chemical characteristics of their leaves are little studied. The objective of this study was to carry out the phytochemical characterization of the leaf powders of these two tropical medicinal plants used by herders for the treatment of gastrointestinal parasitosis and other diseases of small ruminants. Thus, the phytochemical analysis of leaf powders were based on staining and precipitation reactions. A determination of some chemical constituents of the leaf powder extracts of both plants was carried out. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins and flavonoids in the two plants that would explain their anthelmintic properties. Nevertheless, the screening of Anogeissus leiocarpus leaf powder revealed the absence of alkaloids. The plant extraction yields were 9.85 ± 0.64 and 10.93 ± 0.66 respectively for Anogeissus leiocarpus and Adansonia digitata. The dosage of bioactive molecule families showed that total phenols and flavonoids contents were the highest. The total phenols, condensed tannins and flavonoid contents were 30.01 ± 0.09 mg gallic acid equivalent/mg of the dry extract, 9.83 ± 0.19 mg catechin equivalent/mg of the dry extract and 27.18 ± 0.45 mg rutin equivalent/mg of the dry extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus, respectively. The leaf powder extract of Adansonia digitata also contained significant amounts of total phenols (25.87 ± 0.12 mg gallic acid equivalent/mg of the dry extract), condensed tannins (17.32 ± 0.13 mg catechin equivalent/mg of the dry extract) and flavonoids (21.37 ± 0.09 mg rutin equivalent/mg of the dry extract). These chemical characteristics are conducive to the rational and industrial use of the two target plant species in the management of gastrointestinal parasitosis and other diseases of small ruminants.

Keywords: Anogeissus leiocarpus; Adansonia digitata; Total Phenols; Tannins; Flavonoids; Bioactive Molecules; Natural Anthelmintics

×

References

  1. Arbab AH. "Review on Anogeissus leiocarpus a potent African traditional drug". International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Chemistry 3 (2014): 496-500.
  2. Kamatou G., et al. "An updated reviw of Adansonia digitata: A commercially important African tree". South African Journal of Botany 4 (2011): 908-919.
  3. Van Wyk A and Prinsloo G. "A review of the ethnobotanical uses, pharmacology, toxicology, management and cultivation of selected South African protected multi-purpose tree species". South African Journal of Botany 124 (2019): 258-269.
  4. Chadare F., et al. "Baobab food products: a review on their composition and nutritional value". Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 3 (2008): 254-274.
  5. Ebaid H., et al. "Efficacy of a methanolic extract of Adansonia digitata leaf in alleviating hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and oxidative stress of diabetic rats". BioMed Research International 2019 (2019): 1-10.
  6. Stadlmayr B., et al. "Nutrient composition of selected indigenous fruits from sub‐Saharan Africa". Journal of the Science of Food Agriculture 11 (2013): 2627-2636.
  7. Gebauer J., et al. "Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.): a review on a multipurpose tree with promising future in the Sudan". Gartenbauwissenschaft 4 (2002): 155-160.
  8. Agaie B and Onyeyili P. "Anthelmintic activity of the crude aqueous leaf extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus in sheep". African Journal of Biotechnology 13 (2007): 1511-1515.
  9. Sereme A., et al. "Propriétés thérapeutiques des plantes à tanins du Burkina Faso". Pharmacopée et Médecine Traditionnelle Africaine 15 (2008): 41-49.
  10. Usman A., et al. "Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of stem-bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus found in dutsin-Ma, Katsina-Nigéria". Fudma Journal of Sciences 2 (2020): 156-167.
  11. Koukoui O., et al. "Phytochemical study and evaluation of cytotoxicity, antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties of Launaea taraxacifolia leaves extracts on cell lines HepG2 and PLB985". American Journal of Plant Sciences 11 (2015): 1-11.
  12. Kamanula M., et al. "Mineral and phytochemical composition of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) root tubers from selected natural populations of Malawi". Malawi Medical Journal 4 (2018): 250-255.
  13. Li X-N., et al. "Profiling hydroxycinnamic acid glycosides, iridoid glycosides, and phenylethanoid glycosides in baobab fruit pulp (Adansonia digitata)". Food Research International (Ottawa, Ont.) 99 (2017): 755-761.
  14. Salau A., et al. "Cytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Terminalia avicennioides root barks against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells". Indian journal of pharmacology 4 (2013): 381-386.
  15. Ganfon H., et al. "Activité antibactérienne de l’extrait éthanolique et des fractions de Anogeissus leiocarpa (DC) Guill. Et Perr. (Combretaceae)". International Journal of Biological Chemical Sciences 2 (2019): 643-651.
  16. Barku V., et al. "In vitro assessment of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanol extracts of six wound healing medicinal plants". Journal of Natural Sciences Research 1 (2013): 74-80.
  17. Houghton P and Raman A. "A Laboratory handbook for the fractionation of natural extracts”. Chapman et Hall, London. New York (1998): 1-199.
  18. Singleton V., et al. "Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of folin-ciocalteu reagent". Methods in Enzymology 299 (1999): 152-178.
  19. Kim D-k., et al. "Quantification of polyphenolics and their antioxidant capacity in fresh plums". Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry 22 (2003): 6509-6515.
  20. Zhishen J., et al. "The determination of flavonoid contents in mulberry and their scavenging effects on superoxide radicals". Food Chemistry 4 (1999): 555-559.
  21. Heimler D., et al. "Antiradical activity and polyphenol composition of local Brassicaceae edible varieties". Food Chemistry 3 (2006): 464-469.
  22. Sanogo Y., et al. "Evaluation in vitro de l’activité des écorces de tige de Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC) Guill. et Perr. (Combretaceae) sur des bactéries responsables de maladies courantes en Afrique et criblage phytochimique". International Journal of Biological Chemical Sciences 3 (2016): 1139-1152.
  23. Krishnappa K., et al. "Larvicidal and repellent properties of Adansonia digitata against medically important human malarial vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae)". Journal of Vector Borne Diseases 49 (2012): 86-90.
  24. Dedehou VFGN., et al. "Effets in vitro des feuilles de Pterocarpus erinaceus et des cosses de fruits de Parkia biglobosa sur deux stades du cycle de développement de Haemonchus contortus nématode parasite gastro-intestinal de petits ruminants ". Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences 1 (2014): 3368-3378.
  25. Coulibaly E. "Contrôle de qualité et formulation galénique (granulés, comprimés) de la poudre de pulpe du fruit de Adansonia digitata L. (Bombacaceae)". Université de Bamako, Sénégal (2009): 1-136.
  26. Diatta B., et al. "Activités antimicrobiennes des plantes utilisées comme bâtonnets frotte-dents (cure-dents) par les Peul de la commune de Tessékéré (Ferlo Nord, Sénégal)". International Journal of Biological Chemical Sciences 3 (2019): 1444-1457.
  27. Sow A., et al. "Optimisation de la torréfaction des tourteaux de graines de baobab (Adansonia digitata) par la méthode des surfaces de réponses". Journal de la Société Ouest-Africaine de Chimie 45 (2018): 42-48.
  28. Pamba K., et al. "Caracterisation biochimique et microbiologique de la pulpe de baobab (Adansonia digitata) vendue sur le marche d’Abidjan". American Journal of Innovative Research and Applied Sciences (2018): 320-340.
  29. Ali O., et al. "Composition phytochimique, nutritionnelle et activité antioxydante des feuilles de baobab de Côte d’Ivoire". Journal of Applied Biosciences 1 (2019): 14391-14399.
  30. Sreelatha S and Padma P. "Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of Moringa oleifera leaves in two stages of maturity". Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 64 (2009): 303-311.
  31. Zhang M., et al. "Phytochemicals, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Hibiscus sabdariffa, Centella asiatica, Moringa oleifera and Murraya koenigii leaves". Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5 (2011): 6672-6680.
  32. Olounladé A., et al. "Effet in vivo de Newbouldia laevis (Bignoniaceae) sur des strongles gastro-intestinaux des moutons". European Scientific Journal 13 (2017): 335-351.
  33. Brunet S., et al. "Effects of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia) extract and monomers of condensed tannins on the association of abomasal nematode larvae with fundic explants". International Journal for Parasitology 38 (2008): 783-790.
  34. Hoste H., et al. "Identification and validation of bioactive plants for the control of gastrointestinal nematodes in small ruminants". Options Méditerranéennes 85 (2009): 431-436.
  35. Olounladé AP., et al. "Etude in vitro de l’effet des tanins de Newbouldia laevis et de Zanthoxylum zanthoxyloïdes sur la migration des larves infestantes de Haemonchus contortus". International Journal of Biological Chemical Sciences 4 (2011): 1414-1422.
  36. Irondi E., et al. "Blanching influences thephenolics composition, antioxidant activity, and inhibitory effect of Adansonia digitata leaves extract on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase". Food Science and Nutrition 5 (2017): 233-242.
  37. Sokeng A., et al. "Metabolite characterization of powdered fruits and leaves from Adansonia digitata (Baobab) : A multi-methodological approach". Food Chemistry 272 (2019): 93-108.
  38. Upadhyay R. "Plant natural products : Their pharmaceutical potential against disease and drug resistant microbial pathogens". Journal of Pharmacy Research 4 (2011): 1179-1185.
  39. Nafiu M., et al. "Phytochemical and mineral constituents of Cochlospermum planchonii (Hook. Ef. x Planch) root". Biores Bulletin 5 (2011): 51-58.
×

Citation

Citation: Pascal Abiodoun Olounlade., et al.Anogeissus leiocarpus (DC.) Guill and Peer (Combretaceae) and Adansonia digitata L. (Malvaceae), Tropical Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Management of Gastro-intestinal Parasitosis of Small Ruminants: Chemical Composition Study". Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 5.10 (2020): 24-32.




Metrics

Acceptance rate32%
Acceptance to publication20-30 days

Indexed In




News and Events


  • Certification for Review
    Acta Scientific certifies the Editors/reviewers for their review done towards the assigned articles of the respective journals.
  • Submission Timeline for Upcoming Issue
    The last date for submission of articles for regular Issues is November 25, 2024.
  • Publication Certificate
    Authors will be issued a "Publication Certificate" as a mark of appreciation for publishing their work.
  • Best Article of the Issue
    The Editors will elect one Best Article after each issue release. The authors of this article will be provided with a certificate of "Best Article of the Issue"
  • Welcoming Article Submission
    Acta Scientific delightfully welcomes active researchers for submission of articles towards the upcoming issue of respective journals.

Contact US