Introduction: Cancer and dengue are one of the most leading deaths in world, especially lung cancer. Synthesis of green nanotechnology is widely applicable for the biomedical research like antimicrobial, anticancer, larvicidal activities. the green synthesis of silver using leaf extract of Elytraria acaulis for the anticancer (A549 cell line) and larvicidal activity (Culex quinquefasciatus). 

Methods: We have used Elytraria acaulis leaf extracts for synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Characterization of the metal nanoparticles is carried out by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). Anticancer property of the AgNPs against A549 cells was performed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay. Larvicidal bioassay of extracts was carried out according to WHO protocols.

Results: The bioactive constituents of the methanol leaf extract of E. acaulis were identified by Gas chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis. For antioxidant activities, the maximum 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity was obtained in 84.47 and 85.25%, respectively. Ag nanoparticle (AgNPs) was synthesized using E. acaulis leaf extract. The synthesized AgNPs were preliminarily confirmed by UV. The characteristics of the AgNPs were performed using FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX studies. The synthesized AgNPs were found to indicate the potential antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The maximum zone of growth inhibition (14 mm) was achieved in S. epidermidis. EA AgNPs showed the cytotoxic effect against A549 cell lines. The IC₅₀ value of AgNPs-treated A549 cancer cells was found to be 79.6 µg/mL. Furthermore, the larvicidal activity of AgNPs was studied on fourth instar larvae of filariasis mosquito vector Culex quinquefasciatus. 

Conclusion: The results strongly suggest that the biomolecule loaded AgNPs show potential antibacterial, anticancer activity as well as larvicidal activity against vector C. quinquefasciatus. Therefore, AgNPs could be an excellent source of natural antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and larvicidal agent in the near future.

References

Citation

Citation: S Murugesan. “Biological Synthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Elytraria acaulis Leaf Extract and its Biological Applications".Acta Scientific Pharmaceutical Sciences 4.3(2020): 19.