Acta Scientific Paediatrics (ISSN: 2581-883X)

Research Article Volume 8 Issue 1

Prevalence of Anemia in Infants and Children 6 to 59 Months Old Living in the Suburbs of Dakar

Mbaye Aminata*, Niang Babacar, Boiro Djibril, Sow Amadou, Ndiaye Oulimata, Mbaye Maimouna Ndour and Ndiaye Ousmane

Department of CHNEAR, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Senegal

*Corresponding Author: Mbaye Aminata, Department of CHNEAR, Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar, Senegal.

Received: November 27, 2024; Published: January 08, 2025

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Abstract

trend despite many advances in prevention, diagnosis and management. The main objective of the study was to determine the preva lence of anemia in children under 5 years old in the semi-urban environment of Dakar.

Materials and Methods: This is a prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study over a period of 3 months from May to July 2024 in children aged between 6 and 59 months, free of any acute or chronic pathologies, who came for consultation in the structure. Only children whose informed consent was signed and who had a NFS were included in the study.

Results: Among the 217 children included, 152 had anemia, representing a prevalence of 70.04%. The mean age of the children was 25.49 ± 14.26 months (2.12 years) with a median of 22.5 months and extremes of 6 and 60 months. Patients aged between 1 and 2 years were in the majority with 35.84% (n = 81) with a male predominance (54.9%) and a sex ratio of 1.21. In 53.8% of cases (n = 121), the mothers had opted for predominantly breastfeeding. Diversification was good in 38.5% of cases (n = 84) and average in 38.5%. Ninety-eight children (46.7%) were weaned before 2 years. The prevalence of anemia was much higher in children not consuming legumes (71.8%), tubers (72.7%), fruits (87%) and animal proteins (83.3%). In our study, 17.2% of anemic patients had poor nutritional status of which 1.6% were severely acutely malnourished according to the MUAC. Growth retardation was noted in 38 patients (25.3%) and 6% had severe growth retardation. In our study, 2% of anemic patients were severely underweight. Factors associated with anemia are age (less than 1 year and between 2-3 years) and moderate growth retardation.

Conclusion: Anemia remains a common, multidisciplinary pathology, affecting mainly children under 5 years old in an unfavorable socio-economic context. Microcytic hypochromic anemias being the most frequent, are most often related to an iron deficiency. Supplementation of patients at risk should be systematic.

Keywords: Anemia; Children; Malnutrition

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Citation

Citation: Mbaye Aminata., et al. “Prevalence of Anemia in Infants and Children 6 to 59 Months Old Living in the Suburbs of Dakar". Acta Scientific Paediatrics 8.1 (2025): 27-31.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Mbaye Aminata., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




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