Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents: About 207 Cases Monitored at the Abass Ndao Hospital Center in Dakar (Senegal)

Djibril Boiro¹*, Aminata Mbaye², Amadou Sow¹, Aliou Abdoulaye Ndongo³, Aurore Samira Ewagnignon¹, Ndiogou Seck⁴, Idrissa Basse⁵, Ndeye Fatou Sow⁶, Lamine Thiam⁷ and Modou Gueye¹

¹Abass Ndao Hospital Center, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Senegal
²Albert Royer Children's Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Senegal
³Pikine Hospital Center, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Senegal
⁴Saint Louis Regional Hospital, Gaston Berger University, Senegal
⁵Diamniadio Children's Hospital, Iba Der Thiam University, Senegal
⁶Dalal Diam Hospital, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Senegal
⁷Ziguinchor « La Paix » Hospital, Assane Seck University, Senegal

*Corresponding Author: Djibril Boiro, Abass Ndao Hospital Center, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Senegal.

Received: October 25, 2023; Published: November 09, 2023

Abstract

Introduction: T1D represents more than 90% of diabetes in children and adolescents. Adolescence is associated with an increase in insulin requirements which may contribute to the imbalance in T1D. The objective of our study was to describe the characteristics of type 1 diabetes in adolescents in our cohort in order to identify difficulties encountered.

Methods: This was a retrospective, descriptive study focusing on type 1 diabetic adolescents between 12 and 19 years old receiving insulin therapy in the pediatric department of CHAN, from April 2018 to December 2020. All patient files were collected and recorded on a questionnaire. The data were analyzed with Microsoft Office Excel 2019 software and its add-in XLSTAT 2022 version 3.1.1338.

Results: We collected 207 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The average age was 15.43 ± 2.24 years and the sex ratio was 0.67.

The conventional intensified schedule of 3 injections per day was the most used (86.47%). The average daily insulin dose was 0.78 ± 0.26 IU/kg/day with extremes of 0.2 and 2.2 IU/kg/day. It was noted that 8.62% of patients remained without insulin for more than 30 days. 75.85% of patients practiced self-monitoring of blood sugar and 76.33% of patients were regularly monitored. During the 4 controls, the average glycated hemoglobin was greater than 9% in more than 60% of cases. The first reason for hospitalization was ketoacidosis (61.8%). Psychosocial impact was present in 14% of patients. We found a phobia of injections (38.46%) and weariness with regard to diabetes (30.76%). No deaths were reported in our study. 26.57% patients were lost to follow-up and 5 (2.41%) were transferred to adults.

Conclusion: Beyond the relative insulin resistance at this age, we must provide educational means to improve the quality of life and the prognosis of these patients by emphasizing compliance and self-monitoring of treatment.

Keywords: Adolescence; Type 1 Diabetes; Abass Ndao

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Citation

Citation: Djibril Boiro., et al. “Type 1 Diabetes in Adolescents: About 207 Cases Monitored at the Abass Ndao Hospital Center in Dakar (Senegal)".Acta Scientific Paediatrics 6.10 (2023): 01-06.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Djibril Boiro., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.