Gowhar Ahmad*

Director, Department of Ophthalmology, Florence Hospital Multispeciality Center, Chanapora Srinagar, Kashmir, India

*Corresponding Author: Gowhar Ahmad, Director, Department of Ophthalmology, Florence Hospital Multispeciality Center, Chanapora Srinagar, Kashmir, India.

Received: March 15, 2019; Published: April 01, 2019

Citation: Gowhar Ahmad. “Brief History of Squint its Types Causes Management and Guide Lines to Parents”. Acta Scientific Paediatrics 2.5 (2019): 01-02.

Introduction

Squint also known as strabismas is a very common ophthalmic disorder seen squat expertly all most all ophthalmologists however in present era of ophthalmological subspecialties this disorder is managed by squint experts what is squint it is an ophthalmic disorder characterized by an abnorma ocular deviation or one can sau there is loss of normal ocular papalism the abnormal ocular deviation ca be

• Inwards
• Outwards
• Upwards
• Downwards

Oblique the ophthalmic terminologies for these abnormal devotions are

• Esotropia
• Exotropia
• Hpertropia
• Hypotropia
• Hetrophoria
• Pseudophoria
• Cyclophoria
• Ortgophoria
• Microtropia

One of the most important parameter n the management f squint is not only to achieve a satisfactory angle of correction but also to preserve normal vision for this early diagnosis and timely management by squint expert is the key in most of situations untreated refractive errors asymmetrical errors of two eyes are very important causes so assessment of vision refarction and fundus examination is very important in this contex rotine screening of children in schools by simple visual testing and ophthalmic examination is done as a basis of community medicine where we can pick up refractive errors in children and then we can give them glasseson routine examination in school health prime we can also pick up some cases of sqiunt and report this to parents

We have seen in Asian set up some of the cases of squint are not treated in time this may be due to illetracy and shness on the part of parents so such neglected cases of squint are often bullied in school and when brougt laate the sqint eye has alreday become lay and our are only left with cosmotic correction only.

Nowadays children in age groups of 5 and above are often in the abuse of mobiles often playing games on mobiles for hours we in paediatric ophthalmology call it as mobile eye sydrome that is these childern with mobile abuse present with

• Eye aches
• Eye straine
• Headache
• Abdominal pain
• Nausea vommiting
• Vertigo
• Irratabilty
• Change in behaviour
• Delayed mile stones
• Blurred vision diplopia
• Squints
• Epleptic like symptoms

Most of these children with thses symptoms have refractive errors so it is duty of parents to monitor their children and refraine them from mobile abuse.

Best way out is to encourage them for sports.

We have following types of squints commutant

• In commutant
• Accommodative
• Non accommodative
• Paralytic
• Nn paralytic
• Presentation of paralytic squint
• Impairment of ocular movements
• Dimension of vision
• Diplopia

Tuning the head towards the direction of action of paralysed muscle

• False orientation
• False projection
• Abnormal head tilt or psture
• Ocular torticollis
• Vertigo

Presentations of bil alternating infantile esotropia

• Crossed fixation
• Uncrossed fixation
• Broad angle
• A v pattern
• Overaction of inf oblique

Covering the dominant eye will make the patient to cry types of surgical options in squints

• For esotropa recession of medial rectus and resection of  lateral rectus
• For exotropia resection of medial rectus and recession of  lateral rectus
• For bill alternating infantile

Bill medal rectii recessions is the operation of choice.

We also have option for vertical muscle and oblique muscle surgery

Even epileptic like attacked.

Copyright: © 2019 Gowhar Ahmad. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.