Acta Scientific Orthopaedics (ISSN: 2581-8635)

Research Article Volume 5 Issue 11

Geometric Modeling of the Knee Articular Surface with Neutral Boundary Alignment

Lorenzo Deveza1* and Ilwhan Park2*

1Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
2Lento Medical Inc., Houston, TX, USA

*Corresponding Author: Lorenzo Deveza, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Received: September 05, 2022; Published: October 11, 2022

Abstract

Knee mechanics is reliant on surface geometry and ligament attachments. Herein, we propose an elliptical cam model representing the femoral articular surface to explain the contact characteristics between the tibiofemoral and the patellofemoral articulations. This occurs in conjunction with a smooth transition of MCL and LCL tension to patella tendon tension that enables knee flexion without a loss of stability. The model is developed based on the Neutral Boundary Alignment (NBA) approach and has the following implications: 1) the asymmetry of distal femoral and tibial condyles is closely linked to the position of the epicondyles; 2) the epicondyles play important roles in femoral rotation in concert with MCL and LCL; 3) these features adjust the elliptical cam model to establish the concurrent motion between the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral motion with respect to the center of ellipse that would help dictate unique knee motion. In the foregoing analysis, we evaluate MRI knee images to illustrate various measures of knee asymmetry between individuals. As will be demonstrated, the asymmetry between the condyles varies and is not related to varus/valgus angle. This may have implications for total knee replacement planning and future implant design.

Keywords: Knee Alignment; Neutral Boundary Alignment; Kinematic Axis Alignment; Knee Surgery; Total Knee Replacement; Knee Biomechanics

References

  1. Abdel MP., et al. "Coronal Alignment in Total Knee Replacement: Historical Review, Contemporary Analysis, and Future Direction”. Bone and Joint Journal 96-b.7 (2014): 857-862.
  2. Deveza Lorenzo., et al. "Neutral Boundary Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Novel Concept”. Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics1 (2020): 62-62.
  3. Fitz DW., et al. "Relationship of the Posterior Condylar Line and the Transepicondylar Axis: A Ct-Based Evaluation”. Journal of Knee Surgery7 (2020): 673-677.
  4. Koike Masayuki., et al. "Appropriate Incidence Angle for Fundamental Research on New Skyline Radiography Development”. Radiological Physics and Technology1 (2015): 13-17.
  5. LaPrade RF., et al. "The Anatomy of the Medial Part of the Knee”. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 9 (2007): 2000-2010.
  6. McCormick Matthew., et al. "Itk: Enabling Reproducible Research and Open Science”. Frontiers in Neuroinformatics 8 (2014).
  7. Nakagawa S., et al. "Tibiofemoral Movement 3: Full Flexion in the Living Knee Studied by Mri”. Journal of bone and Joint Surgery. British volume 8 (2000): 1199-1200.
  8. Oussedik S., et al. "Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty”. Bone and Joint Journal 102-b.3 (2020): 276-279.

Citation

Citation: Lorenzo Deveza and Ilwhan Park. “Geometric Modeling of the Knee Articular Surface with Neutral Boundary Alignment". Acta Scientific Orthopaedics 5.11 (2022): 71-78.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Lorenzo Deveza and Ilwhan Park. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.




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