Evaristus E Afiadigwe¹*, Ugochukwu S Umeh¹, Iloduba N Aghanya², Josephat C Akabuike³ and Nnaemeka G Umedum⁴

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
²Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria
³Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
⁴Department of ENT, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

*Corresponding Author: Evaristus E Afiadigwe, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH), Nnewi, Anambra State, Nigeria.

Received: February 25, 2024; Published: April 16, 2024

Abstract

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a prevalent otolaryngological disease of public health importance. Antibiotics use in its management should be evidence guided. We aimed to profile the bacterial pathogens causing this disease and their susceptibility patterns in our locality to guide empirical antibiotics usage.

Methods: This was a prospective study conducted at a specialist Otorhinolaryngology clinic located in Anambra state, south Eastern Nigeria over 5 years. Ear swab specimens obtained from patients diagnosed clinically with Chronic suppurative otitis media were sent to the laboratory for microscopy, culture and sensitivity tests

Results: Out of 3,520 patients that presented to the clinic during the period under review, 414 were managed for CSOM, giving a prevalence of 11.8. The commonest age category affected in this study was young adults (18-30 years) which constituted 22.5%. Infants were the least affected, making up only 1.45%. Organisms cultured included coliform (30.2%), Pseudomonas species (19.3%), Staphylococcus aureus 17.6%, Proteus species (2.4%), Klebsiella species (1.4%), Streptococcus species (1%), while 28% yielded no growth. Gentamycin showed the highest sensitivities to the bacterial isolates (23.1%), while the least sensitive antibiotic was cefuroxime (0.29%). Others were Chloramphenicol (16.59%), Amoxiclav (13.4%), Ofloxacin (11.5%), Ciprofloxacin (9.89%), Cefixime (7.7%), Erythromycin (6.55%), Levofloxacin (6.4%), Streptomycin (3.93%) and Amoxicillin (0.5%).

Conclusion: We recorded a different pattern of bacterial culture and sensitivity of middle ear discharge from patients with CSOM in comparisom to other literatures. Widespread antibiotic abuse could be responsible for this trend. Specific and appropriate antibiotics use should always be emphasized to prevent resistance and treatment failures.

Keywords: Bacteriology; Culture; Sensitivity; Chronic; Otitis Media

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Citation

Citation: Evaristus E Afiadigwe., et al. “Emerging Trend in the Bacteriology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in South-Eastern Nigeria". Acta Scientific Otolaryngology 6.5 (2024): 15-20.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Evaristus E Afiadigwe., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.