Brajpal Tyagi* and Manika Feotia

Department of ENT, Harsh ENT Hospital, India

*Corresponding Author: Brajpal Tyagi, Department of ENT, Harsh ENT Hospital, India.

Received: February 13, 2023; Published: April 13, 2023

Abstract

Introduction:  ABO blood group system and auditory function has been linked in the past. Individuals with O blood type are at a higher risk to develop noise induced hearing loss after industrial noise exposure. Also, O positive healthy individuals with normal hearing show reduced amplitudes in otoacoustic emission recordings. Whether blood group status increases the susceptibility of an individual with O blood group to develop sensorineural hearing loss or increases its severity is unclear.

Aim/Objectives: To analyse the association of O type blood group with sensorineural hearing loss.

Materials and Methods: 257 patients with SNHL were divided into group 1 (>7yrs) and group 2(<7yrs). Blood group analysis was carried out. Bera (group 1) and pure tone audiometry (group 2) were done in all patients. Chi square tests compared results across the ABO groups.

Results: On blood group analysis, blood group O (39.7%) was most commonly encountered. In both the groups O positive blood type had majority of the patients with severe degree of hearing loss with minimal cases falling into milder form. A statistically significant difference in the degree of hearing loss across the four ABO blood groups was found.

Conclusion: There was an increased incidence and severity of sensorineural hearing loss in patients with O positive blood group in both adults and children.

Keywords: WHO; Hearing; Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL)

References

1. Mollicone R., et al. “Appearance of H and B antigens in primary sensory cells of the rat olfactory apparatus and inner ear”. Developmental Brain Research 349 (1985): 275-279.
2. Garg I., et al. “Potential association of COVID-19 and ABO blood group: An Indian study”. Microbial Pathogenesis (2021).
3. N Sahani., et al. “The prevalence of abo and rh blood groups in general population and comparing male and female blood group distribution”. Annals of Applied Biosciences 5 (2018): A77-A82.
4. Patidar GK and Dhiman Y. “Distribution of ABO and Rh (D) Blood groups in India: a systematic review”. ISBT Science Series (2020).
5. A Agrawal., et al. “ABO and Rh (D) group distribution and gene frequency; the first multicentric study in India”. Asian Journal of Transfusion Science 2 (2014): 121.
6. PK Das., et al. “Distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among blood donors in a tertiary care centre in South India”. Tropical Doctor1 (2001): 47-48.
7. Nair S and Kashyap RC. “Prevalence of noise induced hearing loss in Indian Air Force personnel”. Medical Journal Armed Forces India 65 (2009): 247-251.
8. Chow KT., et al. “Otoacoustic emissions in young adults: Effects of blood group”. Hearing Research 333 (2016): 194-200.
9. Ayçiçek A., et al. “Can Rh antigens be a risk factor in noise-induced hearing loss?” European Archives of Otorhinolaryngology3 (2009): 363-366.
10. Brajpal Tyagi. “Role of PRP in SNHL (Sensorineural Hearing Loss) in Children Less than 10 Years". Acta Scientific Otolaryngology11 (2021): 20-24.
11. PL Dhingra. “Mastoid surgery, Chapter 76, Diseases of the ear, nose and throat, 4^th edition”. Elsevier; (2007): 367-369.
12. Do˘gru H., et al. “Correlation between blood group and noise-induced hearing loss”. Acta Otolaryngology 123 (2003): 941-942.
13. Chen WW., et al. “ABO Blood Group and Cochlear Status: Otoacoustic Emission Markers”. Ear and Hearing 39 (2018): 555-562.
14. Li A., et al. “The characteristic of otoacoustic emissions in full-term neonates according to ABO blood groups”. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 6 (2020): 774-780.
15. Yang Y., et al. “Association between ABO blood group status and cochlear/neural function: auditory brainstem response findings”. Acta Otolaryngology3 (2021): 273-278.
16. Bener A., et al. “Is there any association between consanguinity and hearing loss”. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology 69 (2004): 327-333.
17. Gil-Loyzaga P., et al. “Appearance of B and H blood group antigens in the developing cochlear hair cells”. Cell and Tissue Research 257 (1989): 17-21.
18. Gil-Loyzaga P., et al. “Neuronal influence on B and H human blood-group antigen expression in rat cochlear cultures”. Cell and Tissue Research 269 (1992): 13-20.
19. Remezal M., et al. “Ultrastructural localization of H human-blood-group immunoreactivity rat cochlear hair cells”. ORL; Journal for Oto-rhino-laryngology and its Related Specialties 55 (1993): 205-207.
20. Gil-Loyzaga P., et al. “H and B human blood-group antigen expression in cochlear hair cells is modulated by thyroxine”. Cell and Tissue Research 276 (1994): 239-243.
21. Prabhu P., et al. “Effect of Blood Group on Ultrahigh Frequency Auditory Sensitivity”. International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology 22 (2017): 364-367.
22. Coleman JW. “Hair cell loss as a function of age in the normal cochlea of the guinea pig”. Acta Otolaryngology 82 (1976): 33-40.
23. Anstee D J. “The relationship between blood groups and disease”. Blood 115 (2010): 4635-4643.
24. Koster T., et al. “Role of clotting factor VIII in effect of von Willebrand factor on occurrence of deep-vein thrombosis”. Lancet 345 (1995): 152-155.
25. Mendus D., et al. “Thrombospondins 1 and 2 are important for afferent synapse formation and function in the inner ear”. European Journal of Neuroscience8 (2014): 1256-1267.
26. Salt AN., et al. “Mechanisms of endocochlear potential generation by stria vascularis”. Laryngoscope 8 (1987): 984-991.

Citation

Citation: Brajpal Tyagi and Manika Feotia. “Blood Group O and its Potential Association with Sensorineural Hearing Loss".Acta Scientific Otolaryngology 5.5 (2023): 18-24.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2023 Brajpal Tyagi and Manika Feotia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.