Erdody Gunther^1,2, Cedeño Alejandro^1,3, Bustamante Gustavo^1,3, Ramos Salomon³ and Rios Elvia¹*

¹Oral Surgery Postgraduate Residency Training Program, La Universidad Del Zulia, Venezuela
²D.D.S. - Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, La Universidad Del Zulia, Venezuela
³D.D.S. - Oral Surgeon, La Universidad Del Zulia, Venezuela

*Corresponding Author: Rios Elvia, Oral Surgery Postgraduate Residency Training Program, La Universidad Del Zulia, Venezuela.

Received: June 28, 2022; Published: July 26, 2022

Abstract

The trichilemmal cyst, also known as trichilemmal, pillar and hairy, is characterized by presenting itself as a smooth, firm nodule, approximately 0.5 to 5 cm in diameter that affects 5-10% of the population, appearing more frequently in the scalp (90%). It is autosomal dominant inherited, although it has also been reported associated with the occlusion of a pilosebaceous follicle; The objective of the study was to present the surgical management of a long-standing giant trichilemmal cyst; It was a 64-year-old female patient, who presented an asymptomatic occipital region volume increase, slow but progressive growth, with 3 years of evolution, sessile base, firm on palpation, approximately 8 cm x 10 cm, the patient was taken to the operating table under balanced general anesthesia, where total exeresis of the lesion was performed and the specimen was sent for histopathological study, resulting in a histopathological result of a trichilemmal cyst with severe dysplastic changes in its epithelium. Clinically, it must be differentiated from proliferating trichilemmal cyst, sebaceous cyst, clear cell hidradenomas, cutaneous metastases, squamous cell carcinoma, and angiosarcoma. Superinfection is not uncommon and usually occurs due to pressure and/or necrosis of the adjacent tissues secondary to the growth of the lesion. Although it generally presents as a benign pathology, a malignant transformation should be suspected when it is located outside the scalp, its size is greater than 5 cm, it presents a rapidly progressive growth or abundant atypia with mitotic activity under microscopy. The treatment consists of surgical extirpation, ensuring the complete elimination of the capsule to avoid recurrences. The case presented is an unusual pathology with a difficult differential diagnosis, so a correct diagnosis avoids inadequate treatment.

Keywords: Trichilemmal Cyst; Tricholemic; Excisional Biopsy

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Citation

Citation: Rios Elvia., et al. “Incidence of a Giant Trichilemmal Cyst. A Case Report".Acta Scientific Otolaryngology 4.8 (2022): 56-59.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2022 Rios Elvia., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.