Osama Ahmed AL-Johani¹, Naser Ahmed AL-Kenani¹, Saleh Mohammed Al-Maaqar^1,2* and Ihsan Allah¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
²Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Albaydha University, Al-Baydha, Yemen

*Corresponding Author: Saleh Mohammed Al-Maaqar, Department of Biologi- cal Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.

Received: April 30, 2026; Published: May 31, 2026

Soil microbiota play a pivotal role in shaping the development, immunity, and vectorial capacity of Aedes aegypti larvae, the primary vector of dengue virus. This review synthesizes recent evidence on how soil-derived bacterial communities influence larval biology through mechanisms such as toxin production, immune priming, and metabolic support. Larvae acquire their microbiota from the aquatic environment, selectively retaining bacterial taxa that modulate their gut microbiome and impact adult traits, including virus susceptibility and insecticide resistance. Experimental studies demonstrate that exposure to specific soil bacteria can induce high larval mortality, alter microbial diversity, and reduce dengue virus dissemination in adults. These findings underscore the potential of soil microbiota as eco-friendly biocontrol agents and highlight the importance of habitat manipulation in vector management. However, the complexity of microbial communities, environmental variability, and concerns about non- target effects present significant challenges. Future research directions include metagenomic studies to identify key microbial players, field trials to validate efficacy under natural conditions, and the development of synthetic microbiomes and regulatory frameworks for safe deployment. Leveraging the interactions between soil bacteria and Ae. aegypti larvae offers a promising, sustainable approach to reducing mosquito populations and mitigating the global burden of mosquito-borne diseases.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; Soil Bacteria; Microbiota; Vector Control; Larval Development; Biocontrol; Dengue; Microbial Ecology

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Citation

Citation: Saleh Mohammed Al-Maaqar., et al. “Exploring Soil Microbiota’s Impact on Aedes aegypti Larvae: Prospects for Vector Management". Acta Scien- tific Medical Sciences 10.6 (2026): 107-114.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Saleh Mohammed Al-Maaqar., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.