Ziaur Rahman^1*, Humaira Bano¹, Ansari Shabnam ¹, Shah Alam¹, Irfan Ahmed¹ and Mohd Mudassir²

¹ Research Officer, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Mumbai, India
² Research Officer, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Bhadrak, India

*Corresponding Author: Ziaur Rahman, Research Officer, Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Mumbai, India.

Received: December 29, 2025; Published: January 30, 2026

Abstract

Background: Renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones, are a prevalent urological disorder with significant global health impact. While conventional medicine offers various treatment modalities, traditional systems like Unani medicine provide time- tested, holistic approaches that emphasize prevention, detoxification, and balance of body humors

Objective: This study aims to explore Unani perspectives on the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of renal calculi, and to highlight the therapeutic potential of Unani formulations and regimens

BMethods: A qualitative review of classical Unani texts (Al-Havi Fit Tib, Kamil Us Sana, Al-Qanoon Fit Tib, Zakhira Khwarzam Shahi, Al-Mukhtarat Fit Tib, Iksire Azam etc.) and alongside contemporary research articles, was conducted. Key Unani concepts related to renal calculi were analyzed, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment protocols. Emphasis was placed on pharmacological and regimenal therapies commonly prescribed in the Unani system.

Results: Unani medicine attributes the formation of kidney stones due to imbalances in Mizaj (temperament) and accumulation of Mādda-i-Fasida (morbid matter) in the kidneys. Famous Unani formulations like Safoof pattharphodhi, Majoon Hajrul Yahood, Majoon Aqrab, Qurs Hajrul Yahood, Sharbat Aaloo Baloo, and Sharbat Bazoori, are widely used. Regimens like hammam (steam bath), dalak (massage), and dietary modifications also support detoxification and stone expulsion.

Conclusion: Unani medicine offers a comprehensive, natural framework for managing renal calculi, with emphasis on individualized treatment and prevention. Integrating Unani principles with modern diagnostics may enhance patient outcomes and offer safer, long- term management options.

Keywords: Unani Medicine; Renal Calculi; Kidney Stones; Ḥaṣāt-i-Kulya; Traditional Medicine; Lithotriptic Herbs

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Citation

Citation: Ziaur Rahman., et al. “A Traditional Approach to Kidney Stones: Insights from Unani Medicine". Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 10.2 (2026): 57-63.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 Ziaur Rahman., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.