MB Hiremath*

Department of Studies in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad- 580 003, Karnataka, India

*Corresponding Author: MB Hiremath, Department of Studies in Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Pavate Nagar, Dharwad- 580 003, Karnataka, India.

Received: July 25, 2025; Published: December 01, 2025

Abstract

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare but serious hematologic disorder characterized by bone marrow failure and peripheral pancytopenia. Its reported incidence in India ranges from 2 to 4 cases per million annually, marginally higher than in Western populations, and it disproportionately affects adolescents and young adults due to a range of genetic, infectious, and environmental triggers [1]. Standard treatment protocols include immunosuppressive therapy (IST) using antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporine, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for eligible patients with matched sibling donors, and supportive care such as transfusions and infection prophylaxis. However, disparities in donor registries, access to transplant infrastructure, and affordability of ATG limit uniform care delivery across the country [2,3].

References

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2. British Society for Haematology. “Guidelines for diagnosis and management of aplastic anaemia”. British Journal of Haematology2 (2016): 187-206.
3. Bhargava R., et al. “Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in aplastic anemia patients in India”. Bone Marrow Transplantation 9 (2019): 1430-1436.
4. Zhang X., et al. “Altered microbiota in aplastic anemia patients”. Frontiers in Immunology 12 (2021): 693149.
5. Wang Y., et al. “Dysbiosis and immune activation in aplastic anemia”. Cellular and Molecular Immunology11 (2020): 1214-1225.
6. Li J., et al. “Gut microbiome composition causally affects aplastic anemia risk: a Mendelian Randomization study”. Journal of Translational Medicine1 (2023): 102.
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8. Sharma R and Singh A. “Probiotic therapy in immune modulation: prospects for aplastic anemia”. Indian Journal of Medical Research2 (2022): 178-184.

Citation

Citation: MB Hiremath. “Microbiota Diversity Shifts in Aplastic Anemia: Emerging Therapeutic Opportunities”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 10.1 (2026): 01-02.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2026 MB Hiremath. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.