Survival Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients at Bogor Regency Regional Hospital, West Java, Indonesia

Ardhik Drikavide*, Cicilia Windiyaningsih and Laila Ulfa

Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Respati Indonesia (URINDO), Indonesia

*Corresponding Author: Ardhik Drikavide, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Respati Indonesia (URINDO), Indonesia.

Received: August 12, 2025; Published: September 11, 2025

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading causes of mortality globally and continues to pose a significant health burden in Indonesia. Bogor Regency records the highest number of TB cases in West Java, with a mortality rate of approximately 42 deaths per 100,000 population. This study aimed to analyze the survival of TB patients treated at Bogor Regency Regional Hospital from 2021 to 2023 and to identify demographic and clinical factors influencing mortality risk, including age, gender, occupation, anatomical site of TB, comorbidities, TB drug resistance profile, and treatment adherence. Using a retrospective cohort design involving 2,804 patients, survival analysis was conducted via Cox proportional hazards regression, with time-varying covariates applied when the proportional hazards assumption was violated. The mean event time was 29.6 days, with 11.5% of patients experiencing death or treatment failure. The most influential factor was medication adherence (HR = 0.354; p < 0.001), followed by comorbidities, age, TB drug resistance, anatomical site, and employment status. Gender and population density showed no significant association. These findings underscore the critical importance of adherence monitoring and early intervention in high-risk patients to improve TB outcomes.

 Keywords: Kaplan-Meier; Cox Proportional Hazards Model; Treatment Adherence; Comorbidities; Bogor Regency

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Citation

Citation: Ardhik Drikavide., et al. “Survival Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients at Bogor Regency Regional Hospital, West Java, Indonesia”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 9.10 (2025): 33-38.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Ardhik Drikavide., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.