Gloria G Guerrero-Manriquez¹*, Arturo Araujo-Conejo², Enciso-de la TorreAndrés¹, Diana Cecilia Reyes-Moreno³, Diego Cano-Sanchez⁴ and Paulina Perez-Maldonado⁵

¹Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, UAZ, Campus II, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
²Hospital General de Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
³Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, UAZ, Siglo XXI, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
⁴Unidad Académica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, UAZ, Campus Fresnillo, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico
⁵Centro de Salud El Bordo, SSZ, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico

*Corresponding Author: Gloria G Guerrero-Manriquez, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Unidad Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, UAZ, Campus II, Zacatecas, Zac, Mexico.

Received: November 29, 2024; Published: February 25, 2025

Abstract

Thyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrinological malignancies, being 1% of all malignancies. The incidence has been increasing worldwide during the last decades, especially in industrial countries, because refractory to radioiodine treatment, tumor recurrence or drug resistance. In recent years important molecular pathways contributing to tumor progression and worse survival rates have been identified in iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). Among the molecular therapeutics to target these specific oncogenic pathways, dehypermethylation drugs (methylation inhibitors) have showed more promising outcomes in comparison with conventional treatments. Furthermore, therapeutic effects of HAMLET have been demonstrated in human skin papillomas and bladder cancers. HAMLET limits the progression of human glioblastomas, with no evidence of toxicity for normal brain or bladder tissue. In the present study we aimed to analyze the gene expression pattern of the effect of the oral administration of HAMLET (complex of lipid-protein) in a patient with thyroid cancer before surgery and radio iodination treatment. Under the clinic settings, established for the study, and using DNA microarrays, we have determined the pattern of genes up and regulated, and the functionality of these genes through REACTOME base data. Altogether, we have found that, the effect of the oral administration of HAMLET is toward influence a higher number of down regulated genes (around 70 genes), and no difference of the up regulated genes with respect to healthy individual. The number of pathways affected by both up (n = 109), and down regulated genes (n = 41). Mostly affecting chromatin organization. Developmental biology, circadian clock, Metabolism of proteins, immune system, DNA repair, organelle biogenesis and maintenance, cell cycle, gene expression (transcription). Therefore, our data are in agreement with the fact that the integration of epigenetic and genetic targeted therapies represent a promising avenue for prophylactic treatments against tumor progression.

 Keywords: Thyroid Cancer; Epigenetic and Genetic Mechanism; Hamlet; Immune System; Cell Cycle

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Citation

Citation: Gloria G Guerrero-Manriquez., et al. “Analysis of the Gene Pattern Expression Pattern After Oral Administration of (Human α-lactalbumin Made Lethal to Tumor Cells (HAMLET) in a Thyroid Cancer Diagnosed Individual”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 9.3 (2025): 119-135.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Gloria G Guerrero-Manriquez., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.