Rashad M Saleh^1,2*, Tayseer T ALafeef², Eman A ALmutawakle², Arzaq G Ba'alawi², Zohoor A Rahab², Amr K ALkamali², Mohammed M Alomari², Yosra A ALmotawakel², Ahmed M Shater³ and Saleh M Al-maaqar^3,4

¹Medical Microbiology Department, IBB University, Yemen
²Medical Laboratories Department, Jibla University for Medical and Health Science, Yemen
³Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
⁴Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Albaydha University, Al-Baydha, Yemen

*Corresponding Author: Rashad M Saleh, Medical Microbiology Department, IBB University, Yemen.

Received: February 07, 2025; Published: February 28, 2025

Abstract

The rise of antibiotic resistance has spurred a search for alternative antibacterial agents. Xanthium strumarium L. (Asteraceae) holds promise due to its phytochemical composition, including terpenoids, saponins, and tannins, which have been associated with antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of Xanthium strumarium leaf extracts against 20 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus obtained from the burn unit at Jibla Hospitals, Ibb, Yemen. The primary objective was to determine the potential of these extracts as effective antibacterial agents for combating Staphylococcus aureus infections. Ethanol and distilled water extracts were prepared from Xanthium strumarium leaves and tested at concentrations ranging from 0.5 µg/ml to 12.5 µg/ml. The agar-well diffusion method was employed to assess antibacterial activity, with the zone of inhibition (ZOI) serving as a measure of efficacy. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify bioactive compounds present in the extracts. The ethanol extract exhibited superior antibacterial activity compared to the distilled water extract. Notably, at a concentration of 12.5 µg/ml, the ethanol extract produced a maximum inhibition zone of 30 mm against clinical isolates AS6 and AS11. In contrast, the distilled water extract showed a maximum inhibition zone of 28 mm against clinical isolate AS2 at the same concentration. The findings of this study highlight the significant bactericidal potential of Xanthium strumarium leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus. The presence of bioactive compounds in the extracts, coupled with their demonstrated antibacterial efficacy, suggests that further research into the development of novel antibacterial therapies utilizing Xanthium strumarium extracts is warranted.

 Keywords: Xanthium strumarium; Staphylococcus aureus; Leaves; Ethanol; Distilled Water; Antibacterial Activity; Yemen

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Citation

Citation: Rashad M Saleh., et al. “Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity of Xanthium strumarium Leave Extracts Against Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus from the Burn Unit in Jibla University Hospital”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 9.3 (2025): 100-105.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2025 Rashad M Saleh., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.