Partha Sarathi Datta* and Rajesh K. Gautam

Department of Anthropology, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India

*Corresponding Author: Partha Sarathi Datta, Department of Anthropology, School of Applied Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya (Central University), Sagar, Madhya Pradesh, India. Email: dattaps.biomed@gmail.com

Received: June 24, 2024; Published: July 10, 2024

Abstract

Hypertension is a major modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality. It is growing rapidly in developing countries. South Asian adults of various sex and age groups are recognized as a high-risk population for hypertension. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension in South Asian adults.

Articles for this systematic review and meta-analysis are limited to the South Asian adult population and were searched from electronic databases, such as PubMed, PMC, Google Scholar, and Scopus, where the search period was limited to January 2011 to December 2022. 28 studies were included through a multistage selection process. Hypertension was defined according to JNC 7 as SBP>140 mmHg and/or DBP>90 mmHg, taking antihypertensive medication, or prior diagnosis by healthcare professionals.

The total sample size of studies included was 348893, most of these studies collected data from participants over the age of 18 years. The heterogeneity in the prevalence of hypertension was shown by this systematic review and meta-analysis. The prevalence of high blood pressure ranged from 12.29% (95% CI: 10.49, 14.26) to 57.83% (95% CI: 54.93, 60.69). The average prevalence of hypertension among men and women was 29.12% (95% CI: 24.91, 33.51) and 28.18% (95% CI: 25.32, 31.15) respectively. Several studies have reported an association between hypertension and age, urban residence, literacy, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, use of tobacco, sedentary lifestyles, central obesity, and high BMI.

Most of the studies of this systematic review and meta-analysis reported a prevalence of hypertension higher than 25%. Among South Asian adults both the highest (57.83%, 95%CI: 54.93, 60.69) and lowest (12.29%, 95%CI: 10.49, 14.26) prevalence of hypertension were reported from the studies in India. This meta-analysis showed the prevalence of hypertension among South Asian adults varied between and within the countries. South Asian adult populations need urgent public health intervention to reduce the burden of hypertension through increased awareness and healthcare access.

 Keywords: Hypertension; South Asians; Adul

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Citation

Citation: Partha Sarathi Datta and Rajesh K. Gautam. “Assessing the Prevalence of Hypertension among South Asian Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis”.Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 8.8 (2024): 59-70.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2024 Partha Sarathi Datta and Rajesh K. Gautam. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.