Abstract

Background: The cross-sectional study aimed to identify the risk factors that lead to fall among patients with Parkinson’s disease, assess the stage of severity; its contribution to fall, and also predict fall among the patients.

Methods: 94 patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease were included using non-probability convenience sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to understand the demographic data, risk factors, disease severity, balance, and level of functioning using the Hoehn and Yahr scale, Berg Balance scale and Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale respectively. Regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors that lead to fall. A logistic regression analysis was performed to predict fall and Multivariate Analysis of Variance was employed to understand the difference in scores concerning the different stages of severity.

Results: The regression model showed that the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence score and severity of disease are the strongest contributing risk factors of fall among the participants (p < 0.001). Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance we conclude that there is a significant difference in the average mean Activities-Specific Balance Confidence score from 52.45 to 28.57 when patient proceeds to stage 3 (mild to moderate bilateral disease) from stage 2.5 (mild bilateral disease with recovery on pull test) according to the Hoehn and Yahr staging. Activities- Specific Balance Confidence score which in turn implies the level of functioning was found to be the variable used for prediction of fall.

Conclusion: An effective awareness regarding the stage transition where there is a high risk of fall needs to be understood. The Activities-Specific Balance Confidence score helps us predict the risk of fall among patients.

Keywords: Parkinson's disease (India); Fall Prediction; ABC Scale; Berg Balance Score; Hoehn and Yahr Scale; MANOVA; Disease Severity; Regression

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Citation

Citation: Aiswarya Anilkumar., et al. “Prediction of Fall among Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study, India". Acta Scientific Medical Sciences 4.9 (2020): 18-25.

Copyright

Copyright: © 2020 Aiswarya Anilkumar., et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.